Utente:Sinigagl/Sandbox
Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
[modifica] Tabella TV
| Gruppi | Canale | Terrestre analogico | Digitale terrestre | Digitale satellitare | Cavo (Internet) | Digitale mobile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RAI | Rai Uno | L | L | L | L | L |
| Rai Due | L | L | L | L | L | |
| Rai Tre | L | L | L | L | L |
|
This is a list of European Union member states, their dates of application and accession. It shows the growth of the European Union and its predecessors through enlargement from six members in 1952 to twenty-five in 2004 and twenty-seven members in 2007/8; as of 2006, at least seven (possibly even more) are expected to join in its future.
The European Union per se was created on 1 November 1993 when the Treaty on European Union came into effect.[1] Twelve of the current 25 member states joined one of the Union's predecessors, either the European Coal and Steel Community (which came into existence on 23 July 1952[2] and ceased to exist exactly 50 years later[3]), the European Economic Community (which came into existence on 1 January 1958[4]), or the European Community (which came into existence on 1 July 1967 as a merger of ECSC, EEC and the European Atomic Energy Community,[5] and is one of the three pillars of the European Union today).
[modifica] Candidate countries
██ Stati membri
██ Paesi entranti
██ Paesi candidati
██ Potenziali paesi candidati
██ Richiesta congelata
██ Adesione rifiutata dal CE
██ Adesione bocciata da referendum nel 1994
(Mappa del mondo)In addition to the current twenty-five member states, a number of other European states will join the European Union in the next two decades. Bulgaria and Romania have already finished accession negotiations;[6] the official decision on their date of joining (either 1 January 2007 or 1 January 2008) will be taken on 26 September 2006 during the Finnish Presidency of the Council of the European Union.[7] The Treaty of Accession 2005, which forms the legal framework for the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union, is currently in the process of being ratified; all but four (namely Belgium, Denmark, France and Germany) of the current twenty-five member states have already finished the ratification process.
Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Turkey are officially candidate countries; Croatia and Turkey are currently in accession negotiations, while negotiations with the Republic of Macedonia have not yet started.[8] The remaining states in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia, including Kosovo under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 of 10 June 1999) are officially "potential candidate countries", which means they have a clear perspective for accession over the course of the next decade.[9] While the European Union's Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn originally stated that the next enlargement after Bulgaria and Romania would only happen after 2010, due to the European Union's need to sort out its institutional problems first,[10] the European Commission's President José Manuel Durão Barroso later stated that the provisions in the Treaty of Nice were clear enough; while he considered institutional reform necessary, it was not intended to be a stumbling bloc for countries seeking to join the European Union.[11]
[modifica] Countries who failed to join or left
Not all accession attempts have been successful, though, and on one occasion a territory even left the European Union (then European Community).
- While Norway had completed European Community/European Union accession negotiations twice already (with the proposed accession dates having been 1 January 1973 and 1 January 1995, respectively), the accession failed both times when the Norwegians rejected membership in referenda (on 25 September 1972[12] and 28 November 1994[13]).
- The Danish autonomous territory of Greenland initially joined the European Community together with Denmark, but left on 1 February 1985 after it had acquired home rule and had held a referendum on the issue.[14]
- Morocco applied to join in 1987, but was rejected by the European Council because it was not considered a European country and therefore not eligible to join.[15] (Interestingly, the Copenhagen criteria had not yet been formally agreed upon at that time.)
- Although Switzerland applied to join in 1992, it froze its application after accession to the European Economic Area was rejected in a referendum on 6 December 1992.[16]
[modifica] Future prospects
██ Stati membri
██ L'UE è un obiettivo dichiarato
██ L'obiettivo UE è in discussione
(Mappa del mondo)- This section is incomplete. You can help by adding information about the current situation in the European microstates Liechtenstein, Monaco, and Vatican City, as well as in associated territories (especially Greenland).
Armenia,[17] [18] Georgia,[19] Moldova[20] and Ukraine[21] [22] have stated they would like to join the European Union; however, the European Union's response was lukewarm at best.[23] The island nation of Cape Verde, part of the island region Macaronesia (which is comprised of Cape Verde, the Portuguese islands of the Azores and Madeira and the Spanish Canary Islands) also wishes to join the European Union.[24] [25] [26] Curiously, Cape Verde is not yet a member of the Council of Europe, which is a de facto prerequisite for membership under the Copenhagen criteria.
Moreover, European Union membership is the subject of political debate in Andorra,[27] Azerbaijan,[28] the Faroe Islands,[29] Iceland[30] and San Marino,[31] and the debates in Norway[32] and Switzerland[33] are also still ongoing.
While Belarus[34] and Russia[35] are also seen as eligible to join, and while accession to the European Union enjoys public support in Belarus,[36] the lack of democratic structures makes these countries' accession impossible in the short term, especially as the European Union is supporting the Belarussian opposition and civil society in peacefully overthrowing Alexander Lukashenko's regime, which it regards as dictatorial.[37] [38] [39]
It is generally expected that the states of southeastern Europe will be the next states to join the European Union, and that it will still take some time for Iceland, Norway and Switzerland to join, since public opinion is not yet in favour in those three states. However, on 19 May 2006, Olli Rehn said that he expected Iceland to join the European Union before Croatia would.[40] [41]
[modifica] Stati membri e candidati
| Stato | Pop. in milioni |
Sup. in kmq |
PIL in miliardi di euro |
PIL pro capite |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austria |
8,2 | 83858 | 189,3 | 23300 |
 Belgio |
10,3 | 30510 | 249,8 | 24300 |
 Cipro |
0,8 | 9250 | 7,8 | 12500 |
 Danimarca |
5,4 | 43094 | 129,4 | 24100 |
 Estonia |
1,4 | 45226 | 12,9 | 9200 |
 Finlandia |
5,2 | 337030 | 111,5 | 21500 |
 Francia |
61,6 | 547030 | 1558 | 25292 |
 Germania |
82,4 | 357021 | 1800 | 21800 |
 Grecia |
10,7 | 131940 | 169,4 | 15900 |
 Irlanda |
3,9 | 70280 | 94,8 | 24400 |
 Italia |
58,0 | 301320 | 1212,5 | 20900 |
 Lettonia |
2,3 | 64589 | 17,5 | 7400 |
 Lituania |
3,5 | 65200 | 25,0 | 7000 |
 Lussemburgo |
0,5 | 2586 | 18,3 | 40800 |
 Malta |
0,4 | 316 | 5,7 | 14300 |
 Paesi Bassi |
16,2 | 41526 | 364,8 | 22700 |
 Polonia |
38,6 | 312685 | 311,0 | 8100 |
 Portogallo |
10,1 | 92931 | 162,7 | 16200 |
 Regno Unito |
60,1 | 244820 | 1273,3 | 21300 |
 Cechia |
10,2 | 78866 | 130,9 | 12800 |
 Slovacchia |
5,4 | 48845 | 56,1 | 10300 |
 Slovenia |
1,9 | 20253 | 30,9 | 16000 |
 Spagna |
42,7 | 504782 | 743 | 17400 |
 Svezia |
8,9 | 449964 | 192,3 | 22000 |
 Ungheria |
10,0 | 93030 | 111,7 | 11100 |
| UE-25 | 454,9 | 3976952 | 8685,2 | 19093 |
| Allargamento previsto per il 1° gennaio 2007 | ||||
 Bulgaria |
7,5 | 110910 | 41 | 5400 |
 Romania |
22,3 | 238391 | 141,1 | 6300 |
| Sub-totale | 29,8 | 349301 | 182,1 | 6110 |
| UE-27 | 484,7 | 4326253 | 8867,25 | 18294 |
| Paesi con status ufficiale di candidati | ||||
 Turchia |
68,1 | 780580 | 408,0 | 6100 |
 Croazia |
4,4 | 56542 | 435,9 | 8200 |
 FYROM |
2,0 | 25333 | 8,8 | 4300 |
| Sub-totale | 74,5 | 862455 | 452,8 | 6078 |
| Totale | 178,9 | 1950016 | 1344,2 | 7513 |
| UE-30 | 559,2 | 5188788 | 9320,3 | 16667 |
[modifica] Stati membri e candidati per data d'accesso
[modifica] Stati membri e candidati per richiesta d'adesione
| # | State | Application | Result/status |
|---|---|---|---|
| — |  Belgio |
— | founding members |
 Francia |
|||
 Italia |
|||
| Lussemburgo |
|||
| Paesi Bassi |
|||
| Germania Ovest |
|||
| 1 | Irlanda |
1st: 31 July 1961 2nd: 11 May 1967 |
1st: withdrawn after Charles de Gaulle vetoed the United Kingdom's application 2nd: joined 1 January 1973 |
| 2–3 | Danimarca |
1st: 10 August 1961 2nd: 11 May 1967 |
|
| Regno Unito |
1st: 10 August 1961 2nd: 10 May 1967 |
1st: vetoed by Charles de Gaulle on 14 January 1963 2nd: joined 1 January 1973 |
|
| 4 |  Norvegia |
1st: 30 April 1962 2nd: 21 July 1967 3rd: 25 November 1992 |
1st: withdrawn after Charles de Gaulle vetoed the United Kingdom's application 2nd: withdrawn after a referendum on 25 September 1972 3rd: withdrawn after a referendum on 28 November 1994 |
| 5 | Template:GRC | 12 June 1975 | joined 1 January 1981 |
| 6 | Portogallo |
28 March 1977 | joined 1 January 1986 |
| 7 |  Spagna |
28 July 1977 | |
| 8 | Turchia |
14 April 1987 | candidate country, in accession negotiations |
| 9 |  Marocco |
20 July 1987 | rejected by the European Council (see geographic criteria) |
| 10 | Austria |
17 July 1989 | joined 1 January 1995 |
| 11–12 |  Cipro |
3 July 1990 | joined 1 May 2004 |
 Malta |
|||
| 13 | Svezia |
1 July 1991 | joined 1 January 1995 |
| 14 |  Finlandia |
18 March 1992 | |
| 15 | Template:CHE | 25 May 1992 | frozen after EEA membership was rejected in a referendum on 6 December 1992 |
| 16 | Ungheria |
31 March 1994 | joined 1 May 2004 |
| 17 |  Polonia |
5 April 1994 | |
| 18 | Romania |
22 June 1995 | acceding country, to join 1 January 2007 or 2008 |
| 19 |  Slovacchia |
27 June 1995 | joined 1 May 2004 |
| 20 | Lettonia |
13 October 1995 | |
| 21 |  Estonia |
24 November 1995 | |
| 22 | Lituania |
8 December 1995 | |
| 23 |  Bulgaria |
14 December 1995 | acceding country, to join 1 January 2007 or 2008 |
| 24 |  Repubblica Ceca |
17 January 1996 | joined 1 May 2004 |
| 25 | Template:SVN | 10 June 1996 | |
| 26 | Template:HRV | 21 February 2003 | candidate country, in accession negotiations |
| 27 | Repubblica di Macedonia |
24 March 2004 | candidate country |
| TBD |  Albania |
not yet | potential candidate country, Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) signed on 12 June 2006;[42] yet to be ratified by Albania, all twenty-five EU member states and the European Parliament (compare this for ratification progress) |
| Template:MONTENEGRO | potential candidate country, in SAA negotiations since 10 October 2005 (as part of Serbia and Montenegro), mandate for separate negotiations confirmed on 24 July,[43] negotiations to restart on 20 September 2006[44] | ||
| Template:SERBIA | potential candidate country, in SAA negotiations since 10 October 2005 (as Serbia and Montenegro), suspended since 3 May 2006 over non-arrest of Ratko Mladić,[45] mandate for separate negotiations confirmed on 24 July without lifting the suspension,[43] talks likely to be continued before 1 October 2006 while capture and delivery of Mladić remains a condition for candidate status[46] | ||
 Bosnia-Erzegovina |
potential candidate country, in SAA negotiations since 25 October 2005, conclusion only possible after police reforms have been carried out[47] [48] [49] |
[modifica] Timeline
- REDIRECT Inserisci nome della voce
Inserisci qui il testo non formattato
