Alexandre Milinkevitch

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Alexandre Milinkevitch (en biélorusse, Аляксандар Мілінкевіч) (25 juillet 1947 à Hrodna) est une personnalité politique de la Biélorussie, l'actuel chef de l'opposition démocratique. Le Parlement européen doit lui remettre le prix Sakharov en décembre 2006.

Image:Milinkevich.jpg

Alaksandar Milinkievič (official campaign photo)

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(also Alexander Milinkevich; Аляксандар Мілінкевіч in Belarusian, born 25 July 1947) is a Belarusian politician. He is currently a candidate nominated by the leading opposition parties in Belarus who ran against incumbent Alexander Lukashenko in the presidential election on 19 mars 2006.

[modifier] Biography

Milinkievič was born in 1947 in Hrodna. After graduating from the University of Hrodna, he passed his aspirantura at the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Science of Belarus. Between 1980 and 1984 he was in charge of the (then forming) Faculty of Physics at the University of Sétif in Algiers. He also served as a docent at the University of Hrodna between 1978 and 1980, and then from 1984 on to 1990. At that time he also started to cooperate with local city authorities as a chief of one of the committees. Soon he reached the rank of vice-mayor of the city.

In 2001 he was the chief of staff of Siamion Domaš, one of the opposition leaders running for president in the 2001 presidential elections of Belarus. In October of 2005 he was chosen by the United Democratic Forces of Belarus as the joint candidate of the opposition in the presidential elections of 2006.

Alaksandar Milinkievič in Poland, March 30 2006

In October 2006 he was awarded the Sakharov Prize by the European Parliament.

[modifier] Campaign for president

In October 2005, roughly 900 delegates from various political groups met in the capital, Minsk, to pick a single candidate from among various political parties and groups. Milinkievič won over three other political leaders at the meeting.

In the past, the delegates often failed to be sufficiently united to field a single opposition candidate, but they stressed the importance of supporting Milinkievič's campaign in order to unseat President Lukashenko, who has run Belarus for over a decade. Belarus' opposition forces last tried to field a single candidate in 2001.

Milinkievič compared his campaign to that of another pro-Western opposition candidate in neighboring Ukraine, Viktor Yushchenko, whose victory in late 2004 was dubbed the "Orange Revolution." Although disappointment in Yushchenko's government has culminated in political crisis in September of 2005 amid renewed allegations of mass graft coupled with a worsening economic situation [1], Milinkievič calls last year's events in Ukraine an inspiration for his supporters. "We believe that Belarus will be next after... Ukraine," he told The Associated Press.[2]

However, opposition leaders realize that an uphill struggle lies ahead, despite their support from U.S.-funded NGOs. Lukashenko's socialist economic policies enjoy significant backing in rural areas of the country-- one of the few areas of the Soviet Union where the country's social welfare network remains virtually unchanged since the Soviet era. [3]

In the Belarussian Presidential election of 2006, official regime results gave Milinkievič 6% of the vote against 83% for the incumbent Lukashenko, while an alleged leak by the Belarussian KGB has stated that he actually won 28% of the vote, against 49% for LukashenkoModèle:Fact, which would mean that there should have been a national runoff election including Milinkievič as the opposition candidate.

In January 2006 Milinkievič was invited to Paris by the French government. He met with Minister of foreign affairs of France, and gave numerous interviews to Western media, including a TV interview to Euronews (Milinkevich, just like any other opposition activist, has absolutely no TV access inside BelarusModèle:Fact). Earlier, he had already met the new Polish prime minister Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, and the president of Lithuania Valdas Adamkus. In February 2006 he also met the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Durão Barroso, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Javier Solana and several other top European politicians. His campaign received the backing first of the Polish government and later that of prominent EU officials.

[modifier] Personal

Married, he has two sons. Aside from his native Belarusian Milinkievič also speaks Polish, English, French and Russian.

[modifier] Alleged government repression

In the last week of December 2005, Alaksandar Darafiejeu (Aleksandr Dorofeev), a member of Milinkievič's "initiative group" for organising his election campaign, was arrested in connection with the Vitebsk bombing. [4]

On 9 March 2006, Vincuk Viačorka, a member of Milinkievič's campaign team, was sentenced to 15 days’ detention for "organizing an unsanctioned meeting” between the presidential candidate with voters in Minsk, despite the election law permitting such meetings. Nine further members of the opposition -- Aleksandr Pavlovskii, Petr Babarenko Alexander Zelko, Dmitrii Kudryavstev, Petr Topar, Vladimir Gribin, Aleksej Makovich, Sergei Pyantsevich, and Artem Litvinko -- were also sentenced to 15 days’ detention for the same offence.

In April 2006, Milinkevich himself was jailed for 15 days for taking part in an unsanctioned rally.

En novembre 2006, à son retour de Riga (sommet), son passeport et son téléphone portable lui ont été confisqués par les garde-frontière biélorusses.