Internet Information Services
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Internet Information Services正在翻译。欢迎您积极翻译与修订。目前已翻译95%，原文在en:Internet_Information_Services#Internet_Information_Services_7.0。
Internet Information Services（IIS），是由微软公司提供的基于运行Microsoft Windows的因特网基本服务。最初是Windows NT版本的可选包，随后捆绑在Windows 2000、Windows XP Professional和Windows Server 2003一起发行，值得注意的是，在普遍使用的Windows XP home版本上并没有IIS。
目前最新版本IIS6.0（构建于Windows Server 2003）包括FTP、NNTP、和HTTP/HTTPS等服务。
未來的IIS.7.0將會附帶於現在還在測試階段的Windows Vista及Windows Server "Longhorn"。
目录 |
[编辑] 各種版本
- IIS 1.0：Windows NT 3.51 Service Pack 3
- IIS 2.0：Windows NT 4.0
- IIS 3.0：Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 3
- IIS 4.0：Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack
- IIS 5.0；Windows 2000
- IIS 5.1：Windows XP Professional
- IIS 6.0：Windows Server 2003 和 Windows XP Professional x64 Edition
- IIS 7.0：Windows Vista 和 Windows Server "Longhorn"（未來版本）
[编辑] 兼容性
IIS是在视窗操作系统平台下开发的，这也限制了它只能在这种操作系统下运行。在Windows XP Professional中IIS的一些功能做出了限制，以與 Windows Server 2003 有所區隔。
[编辑] 安全性
IIS的发展一直伴随着安全漏洞，而随着IIS6.0的发布，这种情况有所好转。在低于6.0的版本中，其权限是系统用户，而在IIS6.0中，引入了网络服务帐户，这是一个限制用户。这样，即使服务遭到了破坏，也不会造成系统的瘫痪。
[编辑] IIS 7.0
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Debuting with Windows Vista, and also to be included in Windows Server "Longhorn", IIS 7.0 will feature a modular architecture. Instead of a monolithic server which features all services, IIS 7 will have a core web server engine. Modules offering specific functionality can be added to the engine to enable its features. The advantage of having this architecture is that only the features required can be enabled and that the functionalities can be extended by using custom modules.
The following sets of modules are slated to ship with the server:
- HTTP Modules
- Security Modules
- Content Modules
- Compression Modules
- Caching Modules
- Logging and Diagnostics Modules
Writing extensions to IIS 7 using ISAPI has been deprecated in favour of the module API. Much of IIS's own functionality is built on this API, and as such, developers will have much more control over a request process than was possible in prior versions. Modules can also be written using any .NET Framework language, and can be deployed on a per-site basis.
A significant change from previous versions of IIS is that all web server configuration information is stored solely in XML configuration files, instead of in the metabase. The server has a global configuration file that provides defaults, and each virtual web's document root (and any subdirectory thereof) may contain a web.config containing settings that augment or override the defaults. Changes to these files take effect immediately. This marks a significant departure from previous versions whereby web interfaces, or machine administrator access, was required to change simple settings such as default document, active modules and security/authentication. It also eliminates the need to perform metabase synchronization between multiple servers in a farm of web servers.
IIS 7 also features a completely rewritten administration interface that takes advantage of modern MMC features such as task panes and asynchronous operation. Configuration of ASP.NET is more fully integrated into the administrative interface.
Other changes:
- PICS content ratings, support for Microsoft Passport, and server-side image maps are no longer included.
- Executing commands via server-side includes is no longer permitted.
- IISRESET -reboot has been removed.
- The CONVLOG tool, which converts IIS log files into NCSA format, has been removed.
- Support for enabling a folder for "Web Sharing" via the Windows Explorer interface has been removed.
[编辑] 对手
Apache是其在因特网服务软件中的主要竞争者。Solaris Operating Environment/J2EE也是其在企业级网络服务的重量级对手。
