Kumyk language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Kumyk Кумык |
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| Spoken in: | Russia | |
| Region: | Dagestan | |
| Total speakers: | 282,000 | |
| Language family: | Altaic Turkic Kypchak Kypchak-Cuman Kumyk |
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| Writing system: | Cyrillic alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | kum | |
| ISO/FDIS 639-3: | kum | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
Kumyk (also Qumuq, Kumuk, Kumuklar, and Kumyki) (Кумык) is a Turkic language, spoken by about 200 thousands speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.
Yırçı Qazaq (born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script until 1928, Latin script was used in 1928-1938, and Cyrillic since then.
The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917-18. Currently, the newspaper Ёлдаш (Yoldash, Companion), the sucessor of the Soviet-era Ленин ёлу (Lenin yolu', Lenin's Path) prints around 5.000 copies 3 times a week.
It has been strongly influenced by Azeri and Dargwa, as well as by Russian during last century.
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| West Turkic | |||
| Bolgar | Bolgar* | Chuvash | Khazar* | ||
| Chagatay | Aini | Chagatay* | Ili Turki | Lop | Uyghur | Uzbek | ||
| Kypchak | Baraba | Bashkir | Crimean Tatar1 | Cuman* | Karachay-Balkar | Karaim | Karakalpak | Kazakh | Kipchak* | Krymchak | Kumyk | Nogay | Tatar | Urum1 | ||
| Oghuz | Afshar | Azerbaijani | Crimean Tatar1 | Gagauz | Khorasani Turkish | Ottoman Turkish* | Pecheneg* | Qashqai | Salar | Turkish | Turkmen | Urum1 | ||
| East Turkic | |||
| Khalaj | Khalaj | ||
| Kyrgyz-Kypchak | Altay | Kyrgyz | ||
| Uyghur | Chulym | Dolgan | Fuyü Gïrgïs | Khakas | Northern Altay | Shor | Tofa | Tuvan | Western Yugur | Yakut | ||
| Old Turkic* | |||
| Notes: 1 Listed in more than one group, * Extinct | |||
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