Palestine
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Palestine is a region in the Middle East, but not a country, in the same sense that Central America is a region but not a country. (Many other countries do call Palestine a country.)
In ancient times, current day Israel was a country in the region called Judea. Israel was conquered by the Babylonians and only recently became a country again. Then, the Romans conquered Israel and renamed it Palestine to insult the Jews by naming it after one of the Jews ancient enemies, the Philistines. Some Arabs in the region of Palestine are now trying to form their own country, which would be next to Israel, though some of the Arabs believe that the whole of Israel belongs to them and do not think that Israel has a right to exist. The country would most likely be composed of what is now known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
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