Aztreonam
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Aztreonam
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 3-[2-(2-azaniumyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-2- methyl-1-oxo-propan-2-yl)oxyimino- acetyl]amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 1-5-7 |
| ATC code | J01DF01 |
| PubChem | 54116 |
| DrugBank | APRD00815 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C13H17N5O8S2 |
| Mol. weight | 435.435 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 100% (IM) |
| Protein binding | 56% |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 1.7 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status |
℞-only (U.S.) |
| Routes | Intravenous and intramuscular |
Aztreonam (Azactam®) is a monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (a monobactam) originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is resistant to some beta-lactamases, but is inactivated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Aztreonam has activity against gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has no useful activity against gram-positive bacteria or anaerobes.
Aztreonam has to be administered intravenously, as the compound is poorly absorbed when given via the oral route.
Reported side-effects include injection site reactions, diarrhoea and other gastro-intestinal symptoms. There is limited cross-reactivity between aztreonam and other beta-lactam antibiotics, and it is generally considered safe to admininister aztreonam to patients with hypersensitivity (allergies) to penicillins.
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| Glycopeptides (J01, and others) edit | ||
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Macrolides: Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin, Erythromycin, Roxithromycin Others: Aztreonam, Monobactam, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin |
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