حركات فلسفية

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة

الحركات الفلسفية هي إما ظهور شعبية متزايدة لمدرسة فلسفية معينة أو انها تغير ثوري شامل واسع النطاق في الفكر الفلسفي حول قضايا معينة في عصر من العصور . معظم الحركات الفلسفية تتميز بمرجعيتها القومية او اللغوية أو منطقتها التاريخية التي تنشأ فيها .

[تحرير] العالم القديم

Platonic realism
Pythagoreanism
Pyrrhonian skepticism
Epicureanism
Stoicism
Cynicism
Neoplatonism
Mu'tazilite

[تحرير] العالم الحديث

The Renaissance itself, which aimed to revive Classical Greek and Roman ideas
Rationalism, dominant on continental Europe following Descartes
Empiricism, dominant in Britain following Hobbes
The Enlightenment which drew attention to the importance of science and reason to human life
French materialism
German idealism, fifty years from Kant's major work through the death of Hegel
Continental Philosophy
Romanticism
Utilitarianism -- Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill
Marxism
Existentialism -- Søren Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Sartre
Phenomenology Sartre, Heidegger
Logicism -- Gottlob Frege
Logical Positivism (with the Vienna Circle, Logical Atomism (Russell), and Ideal Language Philosophy (Wittgenstein))
Analytic Philosophy -- Gottlob Frege, W. V. O. Quine
Structuralism
Objectivist philosophy -- Ayn Rand, see also Objectivist movement
Modernism (more a movement in the arts, but worth noting for its connection with below)
Postmodern philosophy -- see also Postmodernism
Critical theory (Frankfurt School) -- see also Critical theory
Poststructuralism
Deconstructivism -- Jacques Derrida
Afrisecaism
Pan-Africanism
Negritude

The Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Romanticism are broader cultural "movements" that happened to characterised by fairly distinctive philosophical concerns.