出生率

维基百科，自由的百科全书

出生率正在翻译。欢迎您积极翻译与修订。
目前已翻译20%，原文在en:Birth rate。

世界各國出生率

在人口統計學中，出生率(crude birth rate,CBR)的定義是每年、每一千人當中的新生人口數，可以數學式表達為：

$CBR = \frac{n}{p}{1000}$
(「n」代表該年新生人口數,「p」當年人口總數。)

某年出生率的數值扣掉死亡率的數值，即為該年的人口自然增加率(「自然」意謂不含移民人口)。

Another indicator of fertility is frequently used: the total fertility rate — average number of children born to each woman over the course of her life. In general, the total fertility rate is a better indicator of (current) fertility rates because unlike the crude birth rate it is not affected by the age distribution of the population.

Fertility rates tend to be higher in less economically developed countries and lower in more economically developed countries.

[编辑] 其他測知出生率的方式

General fertility rate (GFR) - This measures the number of births per 1000 women aged 15 to 45

Standardised birth rate (SBR) - This compares the age-sex structure to a hypothetical standard population.

[编辑] 影響出生率的因素

Pro-natalist policies and Anti-natalist policies from government
Existing age-sex structure
Social and religious beliefs - especially relation to contraception
Female literacy levels
Economic prosperity (although in theory when the economy is doing well families can afford to have more children in practice the higher the economic prosperity the lower the birth rate).
Poverty levels – children can be seen as an economic resource in developing countries as they can earn money.
Infant Mortality Rate – a family may have more children if a country's IMR is high as it is likely some of those children will die.