Zond 1
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Zond 1, a member of the Soviet Zond program, was the second Soviet research spacecraft to successfully reach position Venus. A slow leak from a cracked sensor window caused the spacecraft to depressurize. An ill-timed command from ground control turned on its radio system while there was still a rarefied atmosphere inside, causing the electronics to short out by corona discharge. Communication was subsequently maintained via the transmitter in the landing capsule, and space radiation and atomic-hydrogen spectrometer measurements were performed.
Zond-1 was designed to carry a 90 cm spherical landing capsule to Venus. It contained experiments for chemical analysis of the atmosphere, gamma-ray measurements of surface rocks, a photometer, temperature and pressure gauges, and a motion/rocking sensor in case it landed in water.
The spacecraft, a Venera 3MV-1, was launched on April 4, 1964 from Tyuratam, communications failed by May 14, and it achieved orbit around the sun 100,000km from Venus on July 14 of that year.
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| Preceded by: none |
Zond program | Succeeded by: Zond 1964A |
| Zond program |  |
|---|---|
| Zond 1 | Zond 1964A | Zond 2 | Zond 3 | Zond1967A | Zond 1967B | Zond 4 | Zond 1968A | Zond 5 | Zond 6 | Zond 1969A | Zond L1S-1 | Zond L1S-2 | Zond 7 | Zond 8 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flybys: Venera 1 · Mariner 2 · Zond 1 · Venera 2 · Mariner 5 · Mariner 10 · Venera 11 · Venera 12 · Galileo · Cassini-Huygens · MESSENGER | ||||
| Orbiters: Venera 9 · Venera 10 · Pioneer Venus Orbiter · Venera 15 · Venera 16 · Magellan probe · Venus Express | ||||
| Descent probes: Venera 3 · Venera 4 · Venera 5 · Venera 6 · Pioneer Venus Multiprobe | ||||
| Landers: Venera 7 · Venera 8 · Venera 9 · Venera 11 · Venera 12 · Venera 13 · Venera 14 · Vega 1 · Vega 2 | ||||
| Balloon probes: Vega 1 · Vega 2 | ||||
| Future: PLANET-C · BepiColombo | ||||
| See also: Venus · Exploration of Venus | ||||
