Sathyamangalam
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Sathyamangalam | |
| State - District(s) |
Tamil Nadu - Erode |
| Area | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Population (2001) - Density |
33,738 - |
Sathyamangalam or Satyamangalam is a city and a municipality in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It lies on the north bank of the Bhavani River, a tributary of the Kaveri. The Bannari Betta is the seat of the temple of Bannari Amma, a Hindu deity. Although desolate during most parts of the year, the temple draws huge crowds during the annaul car festival.
Sathyamangalam forms a taluk (subdistrict) of Erode District. Sathyamangalam was formerly part of Coimbatore District, but became part of Erode District when the district was constituted in 1979.
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[edit] Sathyamangalam forest
Sathyamangalam is also the name of a Reserve Forest under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1973. It is contiguous with the Biligirirangan Temple Wildlife Sanctuary to the north in neighbouring Chamarajanagar District of Karnataka, and together forms a vital corridor for faunal movements, mainly elephants. The Sathyamangalam forest is tropical dry forest, part of the South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests ecoregion. It includes thorn forest, dry deciduous forest, and tropical hill forest. Many of the higher elevations of the Bilgirirangan range have shola, or dwarf moist deciduous forest, and montane grassland habitats. These forests also harbour indigenous tribal people belonging largely to the Mullu Kurubas, Soliga communities. Southwards, the heights decrease into the arid Coimbatore plains before rising again into the Nilgiris and Anamalais.
A major National highway connecting Chamarajanagar to Coimbatore passes through the forests.
The forests are home to Asian Elephants, and the herd that ranges between the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats through the Sathyamangalam forests numbers 6000 animals, the largest herd in India. Elephant movements in this corridor were the subject of one of the first studies on the Asian Elephant by the Indian elephant scientist R. Sukumar in early 1980's. The Sathyamangalam elephants were also the subject of Indian elephant expert Vivek Menon's book Tusker - The Story of the Asian Elephant.
The forests were also the home of the legendary Indian bandit Koose Muniswamy Veerapan, who made a living exploiting ivory and sandalwood from the forests and selling them on the black market. Veerapan was killed by police in October 2004.
[edit] Demographics
As of 2001 India censusGRIndia, Sathyamangalam had a population of 33,738. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Sathyamangalam has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 61%. In Sathyamangalam, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.
