Protein-protein interaction
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Protein-protein interactions refer to the association of protein molecules and the study of these associations from the perspective of biochemistry and networks.
The interactions between proteins are important for many biological functions. For example, signals from the exterior of a cell are mediated to the inside of that cell by protein-protein interactions of the signalling molecules see e. g. the Mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling cascade.
Protein-protein interactions can be classified by the function of the interaction, or by the time-scale of the interaction, which are related. Proteins might interact for a long time to form part of a protein complex, a protein may be carrying another protein (for example, from cytoplasm to nucleus or vice versa in the case of the nuclear pore importins), or a protein may interact briefly with another protein just to modify it (for example, a protein kinase will add a phosphate to a target protein).
[edit] See also
Protein-protein interaction prediction
[edit] Protein interaction databases
- BioGRID is a public repository for protein and genetic interactions. [1]
- HPRD Human Protein Reference Database a (manually) curated database of human protein information with visualization tools.
- The MIPS Mammalian Protein-Protein Interaction Database
- IntAct Interaction Database is a public repository for manually curated molecular interaction data from literature.
- APID Agile Protein Interaction DataAnalyzer is an interactive bioinformatics web tool to explore and analyze in a unified and comparative platform main currently known information about protein–protein interactions.
[edit] Protein-protein interaction network visualization
Visualization of protein-protein interaction networks is a popular application of Scientific_visualization techniques. Although protein interaction diagrams are common in textbooks, diagrams of whole cell protein interaction networks were not as common since the level of complexity made them difficult to generate. One example of a manually produced molecular interaction map is Kurt Kohn's 1999 map of cell cycle control. [Mol Biol Cell. 1999] Drawing on Kohn's map, in 2000 Schwikowski, Uetz, and Fields published a paper on protein-protein interactions in yeast, linking together 1,548 interacting proteins determined by two-hybrid testing. They used a force-directed (Sugiyama) graph drawing algorithm to automatically generate an image of their network. [Nature 2000]. Since then, many other systems have been developed allowing for the automatic visualization of protein-protein interaction networks, including:
Many of the protein interaction databases mentioned above now contain visualization tools to help users navigate the data.
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