Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms and Conditions Playgirl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Playgirl

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1981 issue of Playgirl magazine featuring actor Leigh McCloskey
Enlarge
1981 issue of Playgirl magazine featuring actor Leigh McCloskey

Playgirl is a monthly erotic lifestyle magazine published in the United States that features seminude or fully nude men. The magazine was founded in 1973 during the height of the feminist movement as a response to erotic men's magazines such as Playboy and Penthouse that featured similar photos of women.

The magazine is well known for two publicity stunts when they offered Charles, Prince of Wales $45,000 to appear nude in a centerfold in 1990 and when they published a nude pictorial called "The Men of Enron" in September 2002 in which the former Enron employees "lost their shirts".

Though the magazine is marketed to heterosexual women, Playgirl editors have acknowledged at least 50 percent of their readers are gay men. [1]

Playgirl is published by New York-based company Crescent Publishing, which also publishes High Society, Celebrity Skin, Hawk, Cheri and a number of other hardcore pornographic magazines. Crescent was charged in 2000 by the FCC with over 180 million dollars of online credit card fraud, much of which was conducted on the Playgirl Magazine site. All Crescent titles, including Playgirl were prevented from conducting any business on the web for five years. Then President Bruce Chew was subsequently indicted along with several prominent members of the Gambino crime family. Crescent is owned by the reclusive millionaire pornographer Carl Ruderman, who prefers to be known as a leader of international tourism rather than as a publisher of pornographic titles.

Throughout the history of the magazine, Playgirl featured male frontal nudity except for the early issues in 1973 and then the infamous non-nude year 1987. In 1986, Carl Ruderman's Drake Publishers (later renamed Crescent) bought Playgirl and relocated it to New York. John Paul become the first full frontal centerfold in November 1987 after a disastrous non-nude year. Throughout the years the magazine has matured as erections, foreskin and non-Caucasian models have been shown in the magazine. The magazine generally featured models who have been circumcised but of late, layouts with uncircumcised models are featured.

Playgirl is available in English and in other languages such as German and Russian.

Apart from professional models, Playgirl features amateur models in a section called Real Men (formerly known as Snapshots). A Real Men of the Year contest is held annually where readers can vote the for the best layout of the year.

Every year in November Playgirl dedicates an issue to nude college men. A nude centerfold calendar featuring the men of the previous year is usually included in the January issue of the magazine. Readers are asked to vote for the Man of the Year from the pictures of the calendar.

Contents

[edit] Celebrity centerfolds

Due to a still present double-standard in Hollywood, Playgirl has not been successful in persuading many male celebrities to disrobe, nor have any of its nude models risen to major stardom in films; the most famous is likely Sam J. Jones who went on to play Flash Gordon in a 1980 film several years after his nude layout. The magazine was somewhat more successful in getting name Hollywood actors to disrobe for layouts in its first years. Those who posed nude or semi-nude included:

The magazine has a monthly section entitled Celeb Nudes featuring photographs of various celebrities (including Leonardo DiCaprio) from movie scenes, usually nude. In Brad Pitt's case, published candid shots of him appeared in another celeb oriented section called Tabloid. The magazine has often used photographs of movie stars and celebrities on the cover but again, due to restrictions on male nudity in Hollywood, these stars are usually just interviewed or profiled and do not appear in a nude layout.

Fan hysteria over the November 2006 rerun of the April 2001 semi-nude shots of country superstar Keith Urban proved the demand for equality in celeb nudity.

Vito, the WWE Superstar has recently posed for this magazine. (tk April 2007)

[edit] Trivia

  • The magazine used to run an annual list of celebrity Ten Sexiest Men and selects one of the centerfolds from the past year also Man of the Year. One of these men, Dirk Shafer, later produced a comic mockumentary titled Man of the Year in which he discusses balancing being gay with working as a sex symbol.
  • Shafer was not the only gay model of the magazine. Scott Merritt, Playgirl's 30th-anniversary centerfold, revealed in the August 19, 2000 issue of The Advocate that he is gay; Brian Dawson, April 1978's Man of the Month would go on to win the title of International Mr. Drummer, a gay leather title, in 1989, as well as winning a bronze medal in the physique competition at the 2002 Gay Games in Australia.
  • In June 2004, Playgirl magazine featured its oldest cover model/centerfold in the magazine's 30-year history: Rick Dinihanian, a 54-year-old gay man.
  • Kevin Micheals (also known as Kevin Talley), the April 2005 issue centerfold, was the first centerfold to reject the title of Man of the Year because of his Southeast Christian Church faith.
  • Leit, Harrison and Gray (2001) examined 115 male centerfold models in Playgirl magazine from 1973 to 1997 and they noted that the Playgirl centerfold models became increasingly dense and more muscular over time.
  • When Russian Playgirl hit newsstands in June 2004, its Russian audience were confronted with an unfamiliar sight, photographs of nude, circumcised American men, as most Russian girls have never seen a circumcised man. Although common in the United States, circumcision is less common in Europe, being practiced mainly by the Muslim and Jewish communities.
  • Geoff Minger sported Playgirl's first erection in the historic January 1980 issue.
  • Vito, the WWE Superstar has recently posed for this magazine. (tk April 2007)

[edit] Man of the Month (centerfold)

Two preview issues of Playgirl were published with race car driver Mike Hiss in the January 1973 issue & the Hager Twins, Jim & John, from TV's Hee Haw in the February 1973. Then Volume 1, Number 1, appeared in June of 1973

1973

1974

1975

1976

  • 01 Jim Cavaretta
  • 02 Gary Earle
  • 03 Marc Rodriguez
  • 04 Dennis Ward
  • 05 Rock Pamplin
  • 06 Greg Hamilton
  • 07 Ron Yarbrough
  • 08 Greg Anderson
  • 09 Jim Lampier
  • 10 David White
  • 11 Beau Lawrence
  • 12 Ben Gallagher

1977

  • 01 Tom Gagen
  • 02 Richard Lee Baney
  • 03 Greg Cuskelly
  • 04 Geoffrey Kane
  • 05 Steven Landen
  • 06 Tyler Horn
  • 07 Randy Laine
  • 08 Dan Delaney
  • 09 John Alexander
  • 10 Richard Burke Davis
  • 11 Paul Vonderlin
  • 12 Marc Gartman

1978

  • 01 Dennis Durrell
  • 02 Scott Dutton
  • 03 C.W. Mundy
  • 04 Brian Dawson
  • 05 Norbert Blecha
  • 06 Stephen D'Auria
  • 07 Michael Montelbano
  • 08 Jeremy Alves
  • 09 Stephen Taylor
  • 10 Lenny Thompson
  • 11 Howie Gordon
  • 12 Vaya

1979

  • 01 Jesse Cutler
  • 02 David Grant, Clay Russell
  • 03 Bill Davidson
  • 04 Bob Blount
  • 05 John Pelico Jr
  • 06 Ken DeRose
  • 07 Erik Hooper
  • 08 Edward Tombridge-Wells
  • 09 Brett Austin
  • 10 Peter Speech
  • 11 Greg Scott
  • 12 Grahame White

1980

  • 01 Geoff Minger
  • 02 Scott Daley
  • 03 Jerry Pedersoli
  • 04 Burl Chester
  • 05 Anthony Vacca
  • 06 Bill McAnally
  • 07 Steve Kolega
  • 08 Andy Abrams
  • 09 Gene Carrier
  • 10 Stephen Drisdale
  • 11 Mark Taylor
  • 12 Terry Michel O'Neal

1981

  • 01 Jim Waldrop
  • 02 Rob Monroe
  • 03 Jean-Robert LeCocq
  • 04 Rick Hynes
  • 05 Joseph Spondike
  • 06 Jan Hilarius
  • 07 Antonio Contrelle
  • 08 Bryan Haines
  • 09 Geoffrey Robert Helrich
  • 10 Tim Wenzel
  • 11 Ron Olund
  • 12 Jim Davis

1982

  • 01 Antonio Contrelle
  • 02 Ian Cochrane
  • 03 Demian Wolf
  • 04 Derek Tebo
  • 05 Mark Allan
  • 06 Jeff Wintemute
  • 07 Scott Narhi
  • 08 James Wilson
  • 09 David Bates
  • 10 David Peters
  • 11 Bill Tunberg
  • 12 Ronnie Ortiz

1983

  • 01 Jeff Wintemute
  • 02 Frank Smith
  • 03 Brandon Court
  • 04 Daniel Egger
  • 05 Kevin Haslam
  • 06 David Van Brunt
  • 07 John Johnson
  • 08 Mike O'Grady
  • 09 Joe & John Benson
  • 10 Dennis Ogden
  • 11 Kory Wolf
  • 12 Joe Ingram

1984

  • 01 Kory Wolf
  • 02 Max Werner
  • 03 Ted Prior
  • 04 Richard Alan
  • 05 Joe Davis
  • 06 Richard Armani
  • 07 Jeff Southmayd
  • 08 Stephen Scott
  • 09 Steve Rally
  • 10 Scott Simon
  • 11 Jeffrey Erickson
  • 12 Christian D'Anboise

1985

  • 01 Steve Rally
  • 02 Rob Schad
  • 03 Drew Hunter
  • 04 Mark Monty
  • 05 Pat Larkin
  • 06 Brian Buzzini
  • 07 Bobby Sands
  • 08 Mike Lee
  • 09 Michael Mitrano
  • 10 John Robert Falk
  • 11 Mario Tornabene
  • 12 Rhett Routley

1986

  • 01 Brian Buzzini
  • 02 Thom Tadlock
  • 03 Phil Barone
  • 04 Dann Kaslow
  • 05 Scott Peterson
  • 06 Daniel Cook
  • 07 J. Kelly Coffee
  • 08 Matt Clark
  • 09 Larry Young
  • 10 Geoff Thompson
  • 11 Raphael Oriano
  • 12 Fabrizio Settimio

1987

  • 01 Phil Barone
  • 02 Terrence Dineen
  • 03 Gene Garlock
  • 04 Jeff O'Haco
  • 05 William Wood
  • 06 Joe Colby
  • 07 Eric Bowman
  • 08 Jeff Ryan
  • 09 Byron Michaels
  • 10 Rod Jackson
  • 11 John Paul
  • 12 Frank Savino

1988

  • 01 Lee Brian Reba
  • 02 Ken Alan
  • 03 Brian Andrews
  • 04 Robert Bijan
  • 05 Chad Austin
  • 06 Conroy Nelson
  • 07 Eric Howard
  • 08 David Salas
  • 09 Michael Shane
  • 10 Tony Tracy
  • 11 Doug Chapman
  • 12 Robert Walper

1989

  • 01 Michael Bannon
  • 02 Marc Anthony Donais
  • 03 Bruce Schutt
  • 04 Paolo Pecota
  • 05 Jeff Thompson
  • 06 Scott Lockwood
  • 07 Benny Graham
  • 08 Eric Thompson
  • 09 Tom Burgess
  • 10 Jason Wallenberg
  • 11 Martin Jade
  • 12 Bud Ralph

1990

  • 01 Kraig Anthony
  • 02 Marc Hampton
  • 03 Glenn Brooks
  • 04 Thomas James
  • 05 Leo Marentette
  • 06 Robert Baker
  • 07 Robert Keich
  • 08 Kevin Cline
  • 09 Michael Webber
  • 10 Bruce Peters
  • 11 Marcel Gabriel
  • 12 Rocco Tano
  • 13 Dirk Shafer

1991

  • 01 Thom Collins
  • 02 Rafael Sant 'Angelo
  • 03 Damian Achilles
  • 04 Peter Romero
  • 05 Aaron Leif
  • 06 Keith Rivera
  • 07 Matt White
  • 08 Shaheed
  • 09 Axel Wolfe
  • 10 Joe Almeida
  • 11 Glenn Brown
  • 12 Danny Celaya
  • 13 Jon Carlos Londono

1992

  • 01 Nick Stryker
  • 02 Charles Edmond
  • 03 Robert Johnston
  • 04 Kris Kayman
  • 05 John Simmonds
  • 06 James Arthur Parker
  • 07 Tom Burgess
  • 08 Don Nightingale
  • 09 Jim Bartling
  • 10 Joseph J. Pallister
  • 11 Derrick DeShá
  • 12 Michael Zirpoli
  • 13 Tom Marinelli

1993

  • 01 Michael Maguire
  • 02 Kent Massich
  • 03 Danny Budak
  • 04 Terrence Dineen
  • 05 Edwin Serrano
  • 06 Steven Reinhardt
  • 07 Doug Koziak
  • 08 Drew Ricciardi
  • 09 Angelo Berrios
  • 10 Antonio Valentino
  • 11 Bernie Kellish
  • 12 Michael Shayne

1994

  • 01 Richard Lima
  • 02 Matt Mullen
  • 03 Greg Lane
  • 04 Jamie Bales
  • 05 Chris Carmen
  • 06 Mark Kleckner
  • 07 Shane Minor
  • 08 Rob Shanahan
  • 09 Stephen Kellar
  • 10 Derrick DeShá
  • 11 John Holliday
  • 12 Darren Fox

1995

  • 01 Gregg "Jax" Steele
  • 02 Vince Marino
  • 03 Michael George
  • 04 Alan Edwards
  • 05 Eddie Mallia
  • 06 Maurice Lawrence
  • 07 Jimmy Rogers
  • 08 Peter Steele
  • 09 Steven Olliver
  • 10 Marcello Morgili
  • 11 Lee McKinney
  • 12 Keith Munyon

1996

  • 01 Martin Squires
  • 02 Zoltan
  • 03 E.J. Curse
  • 04 Robert Forcelli
  • 05 John Morano
  • 06 Rick Gager
  • 07 Joe Wolfe
  • 08 James Hunter
  • 09 Jonathon Prandi
  • 10 Ronaldo Sanchez
  • 11 Cameron Warfield
  • 12 Derek DeLuis

1997

  • 01 Doug Hale
  • 02 Orlando Navarette
  • 03 Timothy Bullock
  • 04 Claude Maguire
  • 05 Scott Mattran
  • 06 Andre Hebert
  • 07 Joseph Graham
  • 08 Gil London
  • 09 Kurtis Hogan
  • 10 Thom Bartholomew
  • 11 Scott Layne
  • 12 Carl Buffington

1998

  • 01 Frank Sepe
  • 02/3 Chris & Ryan Zaffino
  • 04 Rob Ashton
  • 05 Angel Ortiz
  • 06 Reid Hutchins
  • 07 Robert Monzi
  • 08 Gavin Hunter
  • 09 Byron Lorentz
  • 10 Steven Kay
  • 11 Tim Carlton
  • 12 Marco Washington

1999

  • 01 Michael Bonavita
  • 02 Oliver Kaposi
  • 03 Endre Csernek
  • 04 Eddie Leone
  • 05 Robert Anthony
  • 06 Bill Kitchener
  • 07 Ray Clark
  • 08 Shannon Fuller
  • 09 Mike Sodini
  • 10 Tibor Toth
  • 11 Bill Bixton
  • 12 Sean McNeill

2000

  • 01 Randy Savino
  • 02 Julian Rios
  • 03 Dave Dawson
  • 04 Jonathan Simms
  • 05 Christian Mosello
  • 06 Michael Morrow
  • 07 Jean-Michel Villette
  • 08 Jim Brasco
  • 09 Darnell Jones
  • 10 Chris Allen
  • 11 Alex Bento
  • 12 Marc Reina

2001

  • 01 Anthony Catanzaro
  • 02 Steve Sipple
  • 03 Guy Winks
  • 04 Daniel Hess
  • 05 Ryan Thompson
  • 06 Matt Kenney
  • 07 Jason Daugherty
  • 08 Henrique Castro
  • 09 Talvin DeMachio
  • 10 Brian Bianchini
  • 11 Shamon Minor
  • 12 David Figueroa

2002

  • 01 Todd Hunt
  • 02 Damian Idoeta
  • 03 Hernan Gonzalez
  • 04 Jamie Gabel
  • 05 Rodrigo Tejera
  • 06 Eduardo Saavedra
  • 07 John Brice
  • 08 Jimmie Cannon
  • 09 Mark Maes
  • 10 Shannon Fuller
  • 11 Creole Walker
  • 12 Chris Michaels

2003

  • 01 Daniel Jacob
  • 02 Endre Csernek
  • 03 Nicholas Wilson
  • 04 Lior Sahadya
  • 05 Scott Markey
  • 06 Scott Merritt
  • 07 Robert Michael
  • 08 John James
  • 09 Vincent Lombardi
  • 10 Brent Dupuis
  • 11 Pete
  • 12 Terrell Franklin

2004

  • 01 Nate Christianson
  • 02 Eric Zientek
  • 03 Alex Larose
  • 04 Will Jones
  • 05 Michael John
  • 06 Rick Dinihanian
  • 07 Ronnie Graham
  • 08 Fernando Macia
  • 09 Charles Dera
  • 10 Eric Gagnon
  • 11 Pete Maneos
  • 12 Dominic Vanier

2005

  • 01 Nick Ortiz
  • 02 Michael Meany
  • 03 Gianni Caputi
  • 04 Kevin Michaels
  • 05 Derrick Davenport
  • 06 David Rich
  • 07 Niko
  • 08 Breck Orshal
  • 09 Angelo Adams
  • 10 Benjamin Bulk
  • 11 James Buselli
  • 12 Vic Ripper

2006

  • 01 Jeremy Johnson
  • 02 Sean James
  • 03 Robert Metts
  • 04 Hannes
  • 05 Earren Magnum
  • 06 Danny Lopes
  • 07 David E. Lee
  • 08 Julian Fantechi
  • 09 Johnny Maui
  • 10 Hunter
  • 11 Sean Patrick
  • 12 Lucas Walker

[edit] References

[edit] External links

In other languages
THIS WEB:

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - be - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - closed_zh_tw - co - cr - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - haw - he - hi - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - ms - mt - mus - my - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - ru_sib - rw - sa - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - searchcom - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sq - sr - ss - st - su - sv - sw - ta - te - test - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tokipona - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu

Static Wikipedia 2008 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2007:

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - be - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - closed_zh_tw - co - cr - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - haw - he - hi - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - ms - mt - mus - my - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - ru_sib - rw - sa - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - searchcom - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sq - sr - ss - st - su - sv - sw - ta - te - test - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tokipona - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu

Static Wikipedia 2006:

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - be - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - closed_zh_tw - co - cr - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - haw - he - hi - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - ms - mt - mus - my - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - ru_sib - rw - sa - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - searchcom - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sq - sr - ss - st - su - sv - sw - ta - te - test - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tokipona - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu