Nathan Phillips (politician)
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For other people named Nathan Phillips, see Nathan Phillips (disambiguation)
Nathan Phillips, KC (November 7, 1892 – January 7, 1976) was a Canadian politician and popular Mayor of Toronto, Ontario.
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[edit] Early life
Born in Brockville, Ontario, the son of Jacob Phillips and Mary Rosenbloom, he was educated in public and high schools in Cornwall. In 1908, he articled with the Cornwall lawyer, Robert Smith, who later would be named to the Supreme Court of Canada. He graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1913 and was called to the Ontario Bar in 1914. He practised law in Toronto and was created a King's Counsel in 1929. He married Esther Lyons (1893-1983) in 1917 and they had two children: Madeline and Howard, who was a City of Toronto alderman from 1949 to 1956.
[edit] Federal and provincial politics
Unusually for the period, Phillips was a member of the Conservative Party having been involved in founding the Ontario Conservative Party's youth wing and then run as the Conservative candidate in Spadina in the 1935 federal election placing second. He also ran unsuccessfully in St. Andrew riding during the 1937 and 1948 provincial elections.
[edit] Municipal politics
Phillips was first elected to Toronto City Council in 1926 and was the first Toronto mayor of the Jewish faith. He served as mayor from 1955 until he retired in 1962 after thirty-six years in municipal politics. Phillips was dubbed "mayor of all the people". Until his election all mayors had been Protestant and every mayor in the twentieth century had been members of the Orange Order which dominated the city's political and business establishment. Phillips became mayor by defeating Mayor Leslie Howard Saunders, an Orangeman, who had stoked controversy with his sectarian comments about the importance of the Battle of the Boyne. Phillips' victory marked a turning point in Toronto history and its transformation from a Protestant, staunchly British and conservative city to a modern multicultural metropolis.
He is best remembered for being the driving force behind the construction of Toronto's New City Hall and the selection of a striking avant-garde design by Finnish architect Viljo Revell. Nathan Phillips Square which is part of the design and lies in front of the building was named in honour of the mayor.
In 2005 a proposal to sell the naming rights to Nathan Phillips Square unleashed a storm of opposition from many Torontonians, including Phillips' grandchildren. The proposal was withdrawn.
[edit] References
- Nathan Phillips fonds. City of Toronto archives.
| Preceded by: Leslie Howard Saunders 1954–1955 |
Mayor of Toronto 1955–1962 |
Succeeded by: Donald Dean Summerville 1963 |
