Misericord

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Misericord in St. Mary's Church, Edlesborough, Bucks

Misericord

Detail of a misericord from St Laurence Church, Ludlow, Shropshire, showing a Green Man

A misericord is small wooden shelf underneath folding seats in churches installed to provide some level of comfort for those standing during long periods of prayer.

Prayers in the early medieval church for the daily divine offices (Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Compline) were said standing with uplifted hands. Those who were old or infirm could use crutches or, as time went on, misericordia (literally "act of mercy"). Seating was constructed so that the seats could be turned up, the undersides being provided with a small shelf thus allowing a person a small level of comfort by leaning against it. Like most other medieval woodwork in churches, they were usually carved with skill and often show detailed scenes which belie their hidden position underneath the seats.

Misericords in English churches date from the start of the thirteenth century right up until the twenty-first century, although after the beginning of the seventeenth century they are viewed as modern copies with little or no historical importance^{[citation needed]}. The earliest set of misericords can be found in the choir stalls of Exeter Cathedral and date from the middle of the thirteenth century. The vast majority of English misericords date from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Many of the stalls with misericords were once part of monastic or collegiate churches, but with the coming of the Reformation many were either destroyed or broken up to be dispersed amongst parish churches. Those that survived were subject to further depletion at the hands of the seventeenth century iconoclasts and the Victorian reformers (one set at Chester being destroyed by Dean Howson because they were deemed improper, although 43 of the original medieval scenes still remain. The woodcarvers came from Lincoln in the late 14th century and moved on to Westminster Hall when they had finished the quire, three years later. It is said that it was the apprentices who were allowed to carve the seats, while the masters did the more impressive works).

Others have been destroyed by fire or by natural decay. Fortunately there are many hundreds left.

1 Weaponry
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

[edit] Weaponry

The misericord or mercygiver is also described by the American Heritage Dictionary as a narrow dagger used in medieval times to deliver the death stroke (the mercy stroke, hence the name of the blade, derived from the Latin 'misericordia' or 'mercy') to a seriously wounded knight. The blade was thin enough so that it could strike through the gaps between armour plates.

The Charlton Heston movie The War Lord (1965) depicts an armoured, 11th century knight being dispatched in this fashion, though the blade may not be a misericord. The 1996 movie The Crow: City of Angels also prominently features the weapon towards the end.