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Laverne & Shirley

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Laverne & Shirley

Laverne & Shirley cast. Clockwise from top left: Michael McKean, David Lander, Eddie Mekka, Phil Foster, Penny Marshall, Cindy Williams, and Betty Garrett.
Genre Sitcom
Running time approx. 0:24 (per episode)
Creator(s) Garry Marshall
Lowell Ganz
Mark Rothman
Starring Penny Marshall
Cindy Williams
Michael McKean
David Lander
Eddie Mekka
Phil Foster
Betty Garrett
Opening theme Making Our Dreams Come True
Country of origin Flag of United States United States
Original channel ABC
Original run January 27, 1976May 10, 1983
No. of episodes 178
IMDb profile

Laverne & Shirley was a popular American television situation comedy which ran on ABC from 1976 to 1983. It starred Penny Marshall as Laverne De Fazio and Cindy Williams as Shirley Feeney, roommates who, as the series began, worked in a Milwaukee, Wisconsin brewery.

It was a spinoff of Happy Days, as the two lead characters were originally introduced on that show as acquaintances of Fonzie. Set in roughly the same time period as Happy Days, Laverne & Shirley started in approximately 1959, and when the series ended, it was 1968.

Laverne & Shirley was the longest-running television series with female leads until the supernatural comedy-drama Charmed broke that record in its eighth season in January 2006.

Contents

[edit] Opening sequence

In the beginning, Laverne and Shirley are seen skipping down the street, arm in arm, reciting a German hopscotch chant: "One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight! Schlemiel! Schlemazl! Hasenpfeffer Incorporated!" The theme song is entitled "Making Our Dreams Come True" and is performed by Cyndi Grecco.

The opening sequence is very popular and has been parodied in many pop culture outlets, including the movie Wayne's World, where Garth and Wayne perform the theme song while visiting Milwaukee. The sequence has also been parodied in other languages, on Friends in a Spanish-language track under the title Laverne y Shirley and on Saturday Night Live, in faux Japanese, under the name Rabun to Shuri.

[edit] Characters

In addition to the title characters, Michael McKean and David Lander portrayed Laverne and Shirley's obnoxious yet lovable greaser neighbors, Leonard "Lenny" Kosnowski and Andrew "Squiggy" Squigmont. Betty Garrett played Edna Babish, the girls' landlady. She eventually fell in love with Laverne's father, Frank De Fazio (played by Phil Foster), and married him. Edna later left Frank after she met a Texan named "Big Ed". In many episodes, Shirley's singing and dancing boyfriend, Carmine "The Big Ragu" Ragusa (played by Eddie Mekka) provided a little romance and a strong right arm for the gang. The Big Ragu was also the former Golden Gloves boxing champion of Milwaukee.

[edit] Full character list

  • Laverne De Fazio (Penny Marshall) Laverne is known for being a tough-talking tomboy. As a child Laverne lived in Brooklyn; with her Italian immigrant parents and grandmother. Laverne and her father later moved to Milwaukee after her mother's death. Laverne works along side best friend and roommate Shirley. Laverne is known for being the cynic of the pair. Laverne enjoys picking up sailors at the dock with old lady neighbor Mrs. Colchek. Laverne is also a fan of the TV show Sea Hunt and enjoys 3-D Monster Movies, like The Bride of Bwana Devil. Milk & Pepsi was Laverne's infamous favorite drink (Penny drank Milk & Pepsi in real life and added it to Laverne's character). A famous trait of Laverne's style was the letter "L" monogrammed on her sweaters (this idea was also introduced by Penny).
Shirley's Boo Boo Kitty
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Shirley's Boo Boo Kitty
  • Shirley Feeney (Cindy Williams) is the perky positive one with apple cheeks to match her personality. Shirley is the one that never "lets her balloon land". Another of Shirley's personality traits is that tends to be a meek little girly-girl where as Laverne is an outspoken, athletic, tomboy. One of Shirley's most prized possessions is Boo boo kitty, a large stuffed cat doll which sits next to her bed. Her favorite song is Frank Sinatra's "High Hopes" and the song is featured in a few of the show's episodes. Shirley is later a huge fan of teen-idol Fabian. Shirley has an over-bearing mother named Lily (Pat Carroll) who had moved to California, and an alcoholic sailor brother Bobby (Ed Begley Jr.). Shirley dotes on her never-seen nieces and nephews and adores her Feeney Family Photo Album. Shirley is also famous for being a prude. "I don't vodeo-doe-doe" was an early catchphrase. In the series' earliest episodes, Cindy Williams used a coarse accent for her Shirley character which was soon dropped. (This speech pattern had been previously used by Williams in a Foster Grant sunglasses commercial.)
  • Lenny Kosnowski (Michael McKean) A lovable goof who pesters Laverne and Shirley along side best friend and roommate Squiggy. Lenny works as a truck driver at the Shotz brewery. Lenny was raised by his father, after his mother abandoned them. Lenny is 89th in line to the Polish Throne. Lenny attempted to have the words "Lone Wolf" on the back of his red jacket, but a mistake left him with "One Wolf." Laverne was kind enough to sew on one of her own "L's" to complete the phrase. Lenny says that he's not completely sure, but he thinks Kosnowski is Polish for "Help, there's a hog in my kitchen!"
  • Andrew "Sguiggy" Squigmon (David Lander) The most obnoxious of the bunch and the greasiest. Squiggy also works and lives with childhood friend Lenny. Squiggy grew up with neglectful parents. For some reason, he collects moths, and prizes a stuffed Iguana named Jeffrey. Squiggy, like Lenny, loves the chocolate flavoring: Bosco, and making entrances with their famous line of "Hello!".
Frank De Fazio
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Frank De Fazio
  • Frank De Fazio (Phil Foster) Laverne's Italian born father who runs the Pizza Bowl; a local hang out that serves Italian pizza, beer, and of course bowling. As a running joke, it was made so you couldn't understand him because of his thick accent; which came off sounding more like mumbling.
  • Edna Babish (Betty Garrett) The landlady who eventually marries Laverne's father. Edna occasionally sings and dances in the local Brewery talent show. Edna is known for having 8 divorces, and later divorces Frank towards the end of the show.
  • Carmine "The Big Ragu" Ragusa (Eddie Mekka) Shirley's on and off again boyfriend, and high school sweetheart. Carmine's occasional lady companion was wealthy divorcee Lucille Lockwash, which made Shirley jealous. "The Big Ragu" is a part-time boxer who owns a dance studio and dreams of making it big as a dancer/singer. In the final episode of the series, he auditions for the Broadway musical Hair and wins a major role.
  • Big Rosie Greenbaum (Carole Ita White) a snobby childhood friend of Laverne & Shirley's. She married a rich doctor and rubs it in the girls' faces, though they sometimes make fun of the fact that he is proctologist. She is known for being Laverne's rival and upsets her frequently by calling her a "bimbo". Big Rosie and fellow Milwaukee classmate Terri Buttefuco both return in the 7th season episode Class of '56.
  • Rhonda Lee (Leslie Easterbrook) a ditzy blonde actress/singer/dancer/ model trying to make it big. Is Laverne and Shirley's Burbank neighbor.
  • Sonny St. Jacques (Ed Marinaro) A stuntman and Laverne and Shirley's building manager when they moved to Burbank.

[edit] Timeline of show

[edit] Setting: Milwaukee

For the first five seasons, from 1976 to 1980, the show was set in Milwaukee from 1959 (one early episode involves the girl's 3rd year highschool reunion of the Fillmore High Class of 1956) to early 1960s. Shotz brewery bottlecappers Laverne and Shirley lived in a basement apartment on Knapp Street, and visible from their window were the feet of street pedestrians. The two women could communicate with upstairs neighbors Lenny and Squiggy by screaming up the dumbwaiter shaft connecting their apartments. Also appearing were Laverne's father, Frank, proprietor of the Pizza Bowl, and landlady Edna Babish. Shirley maintained an on-again, off-again romance with dancer/singer Carmine Ragusa. ("I can date other men and Carmine can date ugly women", she once told Laverne.)

[edit] Setting: Los Angeles

In 1980, all of the remaining characters in Laverne & Shirley, and therefore the setting of the show, moved from Milwaukee to Los Angeles. Laverne and Shirley took jobs as gift-wrappers at Bardwell's, a Burbank department store. Frank and Edna opened a country and western restaurant called Cowboy Bill's, and Carmine started doing singing telegrams and working as an actor. From this point until the end of the show's run, Laverne & Shirley was set in the mid-1960s. The girls are seen kissing a 1964 Beatles poster in the new opening credits. With each season, a new year passed in the timeline of the show, starting with 1965 in the 1980-81 season, and ending in 1968 in 1983. The opening credits of the California seasons features the cast toasting at New Year's, and visible on a large banner is the year depicted in that season.

When the show moved to California, Ed Marinaro was cast as Sonny, a stunt man and love interest for Laverne. He had previously been cast years earlier as Laverne's cousin during an episode where the cast visited Frank's mother. Leslie Easterbrook was cast in the role of Rhonda, a bubble-headed bleach blonde who usually started sentences with the words "Rhonda says...". The move to Los Angeles is largely considered to be the show's "shark-jumping" moment. Marinaro left after one season in California, Betty Garrett left by 1981, and Michael McKean was missing from the final episodes.

[edit] Laverne without Shirley

Near the end of the show's run, Cindy Williams was unhappy because she believed that the studio favored Marshall over her. Williams ultimately decided to leave due to pregnancy, and by that time Laverne & Shirley's ratings had already declined considerably. In the final season, Shirley fell in love with and married Army medic Walter Meany (making her Shirley Feeney-Meany), and discovered one episode later that she was pregnant (though she had been visibly pregnant for some time). This was to be Williams' last appearance. With Shirley gone (leaving Laverne a note and quickly leaving town to join her husband overseas), Laverne tried to go it alone, and a new opening was shot with Laverne watching children singing the famous "Schlemiel! Schlemazl!" lines. Laverne began working in an aerospace testing facility and did not need another roommate. Several guest stars were featured in the final season of 1982-83, including Carrie Fisher and Louise Lasser, but the series did not survive the loss of one of the title leads, and was subsequently canceled. The final episode dealt with Carmine moving away to New York to star in the Broadway show Hair, and Laverne was seen simply in book-end scenes.

[edit] Animated spinoff

During the run of the main show, an animated spin-off called Laverne and Shirley in the Army began airing on Saturday mornings. The first program was aired on October 10, 1981. The show featured the voices of Marshall and Williams playing Laverne & Shirley in the Army (much like they had been during their 1979-1980 season) with a talking piglet Drill Sergeant named "Squealy" (voiced by Welcome Back Kotter alum Ron Palillo). The show was renamed Laverne and Shirley with the Fonz when the Fonz began working in the motorpool as the chief mechanic. The series ran until September 3, 1983.

[edit] Ratings & Merchandising

Soon after Laverne & Shirley premiered in 1976, it became the most-watched American television program, even surpassing Happy Days' television ratings. At the time Penny Marshall and Cindy Williams were among television's best-paid actresses. Laverne & Shirley kept the top spot for quite some time but many believe nepotism between Garry and Penny Marshall had a negative influence the last few seasons of the show, and also was one of the main reasons Cindy Williams left the show. Other observers believed that the show should never have "moved" to California, and instead should have found better writers.

The program was so successful at the time that it spawned a merchandise franchise. Mattel released two models of Laverne & Shirley dolls, and one model of Lenny & Squiggy dolls. Hot Wheels created a Shotz Brewery delivery van, and several novelty toys were sold such as Halloween costumes, a board game, jigsaw puzzles, coloring books, and other toys.

[edit] Dramatic episodes

Laverne cries after her fireman boyfriend dies.
Laverne cries after her fireman boyfriend dies.

Though generally viewed as a slapstick comedy, the cast proved their dramatic acting ability in several episodes.

  • In Episode #104, Why Did The Fireman..?, Laverne mourned her boyfriend's death. The episode guest starred Ted Danson as Randy, a firefighter and Laverne's steady boyfriend who is killed on duty. Laverne, completely in shock, refuses to accept his death and waits up all night for him to come home. The father-daughter scene between Penny Marshall (Laverne) and Phil Foster (Frank De Fazio) in which he consoles his daughter is an example of the dramatic acting uncharacteristic for the series yet evident in this episode. This episode was directed by Joel Zwick and was written by Roger Garrett.
  • In the Season Three episode The Slow Child, the girls befriend Mrs. Babish's 'slow' daughter, Amy. Mrs. Babish does not care for how they treat her daughter as one of the girls, especially when Amy and Lenny begin to date.
  • In the episode Once Upon a Rumor, Laverne (Penny Marshall) stated "It isn't fair, a guy with a reputation is a hero. A girl with reputation is a "bimbo".
  • In the episode The Bully Show, a blind date traps Laverne in her apartment and attempts to rape her.
  • The show took on other serious subjects, such as class differences in The Society Party, Guilty Until Proven Not Innocent, The Debutante Ball, and Testing Testing. * Another issue the show focused on was how women were treated in the 1950s. Often women were expected to be forever virgins, and were unwelcome in the work place.

[edit] Backlash

In recent years, the City of Milwaukee and many of its residents have been (officially and unofficially) downplaying its connections to Laverne & Shirley. They feel that the image the show has given the city is outdated and inaccurate [1], even for the time-period it was supposed to represent. Amongst the more common reasons are the lack of racial diversity on the show (brewery jobs were a big reason why many minorities, especially Blacks moved to Milwaukee after World War II) as well as the accents of the characters sounding more like Brooklyn than Milwaukee.

[edit] Trivia

  • During the first season, the on-screen title was given as Laverne DeFazio & Shirley Feeney, though in ads and promos, it was always referred to as Laverne & Shirley.
  • While still producing new episodes, older episodes of Laverne & Shirley went into syndication. The syndicated episodes had the title Laverne and Shirley and Company.
  • ABC also found a place for it on its daytime schedule; at 11:00am (EST), replacing reruns of Happy Days with L&S beginning in April 1979, with megahit Family Feud following at 11:30. When $20,000 Pyramid was cancelled in June 1980, ABC moved Family Feud to noon and replaced L&S with reruns of The Love Boat.
  • In 1976, Penny Marshall and Cindy Williams released an album titled "Laverne and Shirley Sing", which contained some original songs and some 1950's and 1960's standards.The album was released on Atlantic Records.
  • In 1979, Michael McKean and David Lander followed suit with the album "Lenny and the Squigtones", featuring mainly original songs by Michael McKean.The album was released on Casablanca Records.
  • During the show's filming, Cindy Williams and David Lander dated each other for a short period of time. David Lander later commented on the Laverne & Shirley Reunion that he received hate mail from fans for dating Williams.
  • Ed Marinaro, who played Sonny St. Jacques (Laverne & Shirley's California landlord and Laverne's boyfriend) was originally cast as Antonio, Laverne's Italian cousin who came to America to make a living. For unknown reasons, Ed Marinaro never appeared again as Antonio. Some thought it was unusual that the same actor who played Laverne's cousin was re-cast as her boyfriend.
  • Eddie Mekka, who played Carmine Rugusa, stated that his favorite episode of the series is The Dance Studio. In this episode Carmine was planning to run away because he thought he was going to lose his dance studio. Eddie Mekka's favorite scene was when he performed a dance number to a photo of Gene Kelly.
  • The Baby Show was the 3rd episode planned for season 8 filming, and was to be used later to feature the birth of Shirley's baby. After Cindy Williams' abrupt departure from the production, the role of expectant mother was re-written for Laverne's guest Sgt. Alvinia T. Plout (Vicki Lawrence).
  • The series often referenced the wealthy Milwaukee Pfister family as the owners of many Milwaukee establishments, ie: Chez Pfister, The Hotel Pfister, Pfister Fong's.

[edit] Magazine covers

Magazine Covers
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Magazine Covers

The show's success led to its characters appearing on the covers of several entertainment and popular-culture magazines. Laverne and Shirley were featured on the cover of TV Guide a total of five times. Penny Marshall was featured twice on the cover of People magazine, and Cindy Williams was featured once. Characters from the show also appeared on the covers of Redbook, Star, PhotoPlay, TV Times, Super Mag, Cracked and many others (some of which are no longer in print).

[edit] Episode list

Episode # Prod # Air Date Title

  • Season 1
  • Season 2
  • Season 3
  • Season 4
  • Season 5
  • Season 6
  • Season 7
  • Season 8
  • Special
  • S- 1 7 May 2002 Laverne & Shirley Together Again (Reunion)

[edit] External links

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