Gustave Hervé
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Gustave Hervé (Brest, January 2, 1871 - Paris 1944) was a French politician. At first he was a socialist, but later turned fascist.
Failed to united the more extreme factions of international socialism, Hervé in 1919 created the Parti socialiste national (PSN) in 1919, promoting "class co-operation" and solidarity. The "national socialism" of Hervé was soon transfered into a form of "French fascism," and when Mussolini took power in Italy in the March on Rome, Hervé heralded him as "my courageous Italian comrade."
The PSN would never attracked many supporters, and Hervé attempted to resurrect the party in 1925, as the Parti de la République autoritaire. It was latter renamed back again to the Parti socialiste national again (1927), and when Marcel Bucard became involved with the magazine La Victoire, it was renamed to La Milice socialiste (1932).
Later in 1936, Hervé would rally behind French war hero Marshal Pétain, but distanced himself from him in 1940. He died in 1944, and was actually harassed during the war years by Vichy France officials for his criticism outed in La Victoire.
[edit] Further reading
- Michael B. Loughlin (2001). "Gustave Hervé's Transition from Socialism to National Socialism: Another Example of French Fascism?". Journal of Contemporary History 36 (1): 5-39.
