Friar Tuck
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Friar Tuck is a fictional character, a companion of Robin Hood, and one of his 'Merry Men'. Although a common character in the modern Robin Hood legend, Tuck does not appear in the earliest surviving Robin Hood ballads, and only has one major appearance in the ballad tradition, a late one called "Robin Hood and the Curtal Friar" (which survives in two major versions).
The figure of Tuck was more common in the May Games festivals of England and Scotland, during the 15th through 17th centuries. He appears as a character in the fragment of a Robin Hood play from 1475, sometimes called "Robin Hood and the Knight" or "Robin Hood and the Sheriff", and a play published in 1560 which tells a story similar to that of the Curtal Friar ballad. It has often been argued that the character entered the tradition through these folk plays, and that he may have originally been partnered with Maid Marian.
What follows is a story composited from different versions of the legend. He was a former monk of Fountains Abbey (or in some cases, St Mary's Abbey in York which is also the scene of some other Robin Hood tales) who was expelled by his order because of his lack of respect for authority. Because of this, and in spite of his taste for good food and wine, he becomes the chaplain of Robin's band.
In many tales, from Robin Hood and the Curtal Friar to Howard Pyle's Merry Adventures of Robin Hood, his first encounter with Robin results in a battle of wits in which first one and then the other gains the upper hand and forces the other to carry him across a river. This ends in the Friar tossing Robin into the river.
In some tales he is depicted as a physically fit man and a skilled swordsman and archer with a hot-headed temper. However most commonly Tuck is depicted as a fat, bald and jovial monk with a great love of ale. Sometimes the latter depiction of Tuck is the comic relief of the tale.
Howard Pyle grafted his story onto that of Allen A Dale in his Merry Adventures of Robin Hood: Robin goes to Friar Tuck because he is in search of a priest who will perform the wedding ceremony in defiance of the bishop.
Two royal writs in 1417 refer to Robert Stafford, a Sussex chaplain who had assumed the alias of Frere Tuk. This "Friar Tuck" was still at large in 1429. These are the earliest surviving references to a character by that name.
