Edinburgh Vaults
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Edinburgh Vaults or South Bridge Vaults are a series of rooms under the South Bridge in Edinburgh, Scotland.
Edinburgh was a growing community in the late 18th century and two bridges were built to facilitate the expansion, North Bridge and South Bridge, known locally as 'the bridges'. The South Bridge, built to span the Cowgate valley between High Street and the growing University of Edinburgh on the Southside, was first proposed in 1775, although work did not begin until August 1785.
Edinburgh's South Bridge should be regarded as more than a simple crossing from Old Town to Southside. It was, in fact, Edinburgh's first purpose built shopping street, and as such as much space as possible was utilised. The bridge itself is a nineteen arch viaduct, although only one arch is visible today, the 'Cowgate arch.' The remaining eighteen arches were enclosed behind tenement buildings built to allow the area to serve as a commercial district. The hidden arches of the bridge were then given extra floors to allow their use for industry. In total there are approximately 120 rooms or 'vaults' beneath the surface of the South Bridge, ranging in size from two metres squared to forty metres squared. South Bridge officially opened for business on the 1st of March 1788.
These Vault rooms, used as storage space and workshops for the South Bridge businesses, operated as intended for a relatively short space of time. Construction of the bridge had been rushed and the surface was never sealed against water. The vaults began to flood. Abandonment of the vaults began as early as 1795. With the vaults being gradually abandoned by the businesses on the bridge, the empty rooms were adopted and adapted by new users. As the industrial revolution took hold of Britain, the Cowgate area had developed into Edinburgh's slum. Slum dwellers took over the vaults and they became a renowned red light district with countless brothels and pubs operating within the abandoned complex. The vaults also served as additional slum housing for the city’s poor. Living conditions were appalling. The rooms were cramped, dark and damp. There was no sunlight, poorly circulated air, no running water, and no sanitation. Many rooms housed families of more than ten people. Crimes, including robbery and murder, soon plagued the Vaults. Burke and Hare, the infamous serial killers who sold corpses to medical schools, are rumored to have hunted for victims in the Edinburgh Vaults.
It is not known when the vaults complex was closed down, with some suggesting as early as c.1835 and others as late as c.1875. Written records regarding the vaults during their slum use are pretty much non-existent. All that is known is that at some point tons of rubble were dumped into the vaults making them inaccessible. The rooms were simply forgotten about until they were discovered and excavated in 1988. Since then, the Vaults have become a popular tourist destination for professional and amateur ghost-busters, who come to explore their gloomy, candle-light corridors in the hope of meeting a spirit.
Reported spectral tenants include the cantankerous "Mr. Boots", who nudges tourists, can be heard swearing, and tails tour groups while clomping on the stone floor. Then there’s young "Jack", a boy who giggles as he runs about the dark rooms. Tours include your own electro-magnetic field recorders that allow visitors to measure the effects of the Vault’s ghosts. An area in the rear corridor near Room 8 is frequently pinpointed as a hot spot of strong spectral activity.
In 2001, Professor Richard Wiseman of the University of Hertfordshire invited subjects to spend time in the Edinburgh Vaults. His study concluded that people who believed in ghosts reported more supernatural experiences than disbelievers, that participants consistently reported unusual sensations in areas they were told were haunted, and that there was an increased report of incidents in Vault rooms with a decidedly more sinister visual appearance or stronger cold air flow. Professor Wiseman’s study suggests that visitors may help create the haunted experience they expect to find in the Vaults.
