Donora, Pennsylvania

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Donora is a borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, 20 miles (32 km) south of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela river. Donora was incorporated in 1901. Agriculture, coal-mining, steel-making, wire-making, and other industries were conducted in Donora early in its history. In 1910, 8,174 people lived there; in 1920, 14,131; and in 1940, 13,180 people lived in Donora. The population was 5,653 at the 2000 census. Donora is a Rust Belt place which has lost most of its industrial capacity. It is in the "Mon valley" five miles (8 km) downriver from Charleroi and 25 miles (40 km) upstream of Braddock which is also in the "Mon valley."

1 History
2 Geography
3 Demographics
4 Further reading
5 External links

[edit] History

In 1794, one mile (1.6 km) east of Donora, the Whiskey Insurrectionists held several meetings at Fells Church.

Between October 26 and October 31, 1948 an air inversion trapped industrial effluent from the American Steel and Wire plant and Donora Zinc Works. Some sources have speculated that fluoride emissions contributed to the severity of the incident. "In three days, 18 people died... After the inversion lifted, another 50 died. Hundreds more finished the rest of their lives with damaged lungs and hearts. But another 40 years would pass before the whole truth about Donora's bad air made public-health history." (The Globe and Mail, December 7, 2002, book review by Andrew Nikiforuk When Smoke Ran Like Water by Devra Davis) See also: air pollution.

Donora is the birthplace of baseball stars Stan Musial, Ken Griffey, Sr., and Ken Griffey, Jr. Musial and Griffey Jr. shared the same birthday, November 21, 1920 and 1969 respectively, while Griffey Sr. was born in 1950. Junior and Musial were also both left-handed hitting, left-handed throwing outfielders.

[edit] Geography

Donora is located at 40°10′33″N, 79°51′41″W (40.175879, -79.861264)^GR1.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 5.3 km² (2.0 mi²). 4.9 km² (1.9 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.2 mi²) of it (7.32%) is water.

[edit] Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 5,653 people, 2,469 households, and 1,434 families residing in the borough. The population density was 1,148.8/km² (2,973.8/mi²). There were 2,958 housing units at an average density of 601.1/km² (1,556.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the borough was 82.10% White, 14.84% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 2.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.02% of the population.

There were 2,469 households out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. 37.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 21.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the borough the population was spread out with 21.7% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 82.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.4 males.

The median income for a household in the borough was $27,939, and the median income for a family was $37,176. Males had a median income of $33,725 versus $22,346 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $17,893. About 12.4% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.2% of those under age 18 and 14.0% of those age 65 or over.

[edit] Further reading

Davis, Devra, When Smoke Ran Like Water: Tales of Environmental Deception and the Battle Against Pollution, Basic Books, 2002, hardcover, 316 pages, ISBN 0-465-01521-2
Snyder, Lynn Page, "The Death-Dealing Smog over Donora, Pennsylvania: Industrial Air Pollution, Public Health, and Federal Policy, 1915-1963", (Ph.D dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1994)
Bryson, Chris, "A Secret History of America's Worst Air Pollution Disaster," Earth Island Journal, volume 13, Fall, 1998, available online at: http://www.earthisland.org/eijornal/fall98/fe_fall98donora.html and also at: http://www.fluoridation.com/donora.htm (the site in external links labeled "Donora Fluoride Smog coverup")