California corbina
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| iCalifornia corbina | ||||||||||||||
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| Menticirrhus undulatus (Girard, 1854) |
The California corbina (Menticirrhus undulatus) is a member of the croaker family. California corbina occur from the Gulf of California, Mexico to Point Conception, California, and is a bottom fish found along sandy beaches and in shallow bays. This species travels in small groups along the surf zone in a few inches of water to depths of 45 feet. The largest recorded specimen was 28 inches and 8.5 pounds.
Other names include "California kingcroaker", "California whiting", "surf fish", and "sucker". California corbina should not be confused with corvina, which are taken in the Salton Sea.
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[edit] Description
The body of the California corbina is elongate and slightly compressed. The head is long and the mouth is small, the upper jaw scarcely reaching a point below the front of the eye. The color is uniform grey with incandescent reflections, and with wavy diagonal lines on the sides. This croaker and the yellowfin croaker are the only two of the eight coastal croakers present in California waters to have a single fleshy projection, or barbel, on the lower jaw. The California corbina usually has only one weak spine at the front of the anal fin, while the yellowfin croaker has two strong spines.
[edit] Natural history
Adults have been seen feeding in the surf, at times in water so shallow that their backs were exposed. They scoop up mouthfuls of sand and separate the food by sending the sand through the gills. They are very particular feeders, apparently spitting out bits of clam shells and other foreign matter. About 90 percent of the food they eat is sand crabs. Other crustaceans and clams are of lesser importance. Males mature when 2 years old at a length of about 10 inches and females at age 3 when about 13 inches long. Spawning extends from June to September, but is heaviest during July and August. Spawning apparently takes place offshore as running ripe fish are not often found in the surf zone. The eggs are free floating. Young corbina, 1 inch long, have been observed outside the surf in 4 to 8 feet of water in August.
[edit] Fishing information
California corbina are caught throughout the year along southern California's sandy beaches, although fishing is at its best from July through September. They are very wary and difficult to hook as many an avid surf fisherman can affirm. Perhaps one reason is that they tend to mouth and chew their food and don't strike solidly very often. Sand crabs (usually softshells) are the preferred bait (fish), though some anglers swear by blood worms, mussels, clams, pileworms, and ghost shrimp.
[edit] References
- Much of this article is copied from California Marine Sportfish by the California Department of Fish and Game, Marine Region; a public domain resource.[1]
