Bhairavi
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Bhairavi is a fierce and terrifying aspect of the Goddess virtually indistinguishable from Kali, except for her particular identification as the consort of the Wrathful Shiva.
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[edit] Symbolism
Bhairavi is also identified with Kalaratri, a name often associated with Kali that means “black night (of destruction)” and refers to a particularly destructive aspect of Kali. She is also identified with Mahapralaya, the great dissolution at the end of a cosmic cycle, during which all things, having been consumed with fire, are dissolved in the formless waters of procreation. She is the force that tends toward dissolution. This force, furthermore, which is actually Bhairavi herself, is present in each person as one gradually ages, weakens and finally dies. Destruction is apparent everywhere, and therefore Bhairavi is present everywhere.
One of her dhyana mantras, that of Sampatprada-bhairavi, says that she is intoxicated with her youth, and most descriptions of her, despite her association with destruction, say that she is attractive, young, and shapely. Bhairavi’s association with sexual desire and fulfillment is mentioned often in her thousand-name hymns. In the Shakta-pramoda, for example, she is called She Who Is Fond of Semen and Menstrual Blood and She Who Is Worshiped by Those Who Worship with Semen. In her thousand-name hymn in the Vishvasara-tantra, she is called Lovely One, She Whose Form Is Semen, Who Produces Semen, Who Gives Love, Who Enjoys Sexual Intercourse, Who Is Dear To Kama, and Who Dwells in the Yoni.
Bhairavi has facets and epithets that assert her cosmic importance, if not supremacy. A commentary on the Parashurama-kalpasutra says that the name Bhairavi is derived from the words bharana (to create), ramana (to protect), and vamana (to emit or disgorge). The commentator, that is, seeks to discern the inner meaning of Bhairavi’s name by identifying her with the cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and destruction.
[edit] Other meanings
Bhairavi is also a raaga in Indian Classical Music. Traditionally it is a morning Raga. In modern time, it is sung as a conclusion of concerts. It is the defining raga of its own thaat, and it characteristic "Pa Ma Ga Ma Ga" is easily to identify.
[edit] Further reading
- Hindu Goddesses: Vision of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Traditions (ISBN 81-208-0379-5) by David Kinsley'
[edit] References
[edit] External links
| Hinduism | Hindu mythology | Itihasa | |
|---|---|
| Female Deities: Saraswati | Bhuma Devi Lakshmi | Parvati | Durga | Kali | Sita | Mariamman | Radha | Gayatri | more... | |
| Male Deities: Vishnu | Shiva | Brahma | Rama | Krishna | Ganesha | Kartikeya | Hanuman | Ayyappan | more... | |
| Texts: Vedas | Upanishads | Puranas | Ramayana | Mahabharata | |
