3 Commando Brigade

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3 Commando Brigade is the main manoeuvre force of the Royal Marines.

Contents 1 History 2 Organisation 3 See also 4 External links

[edit] History

3 Commando Brigade can trace its origins back to World War II, when it was formed as the 3rd Special Service Brigade. The Commandos were formed as forces to performs raids on occupied Europe. Many of these raids were relatively small affairs, but some were very large, such as the 1942 Dieppe Raid, and the attack on St Nazaire to cripple the dry dock there.

At the end of the war, the British Army ceased using troops in the commando role, and the Royal Marines took over the task completely from the Army Commandos. 3 Commando Brigade was at the forefront of many actions over the next 25 years, acting as a strategic reserve for the Far East and Mediterranean areas. Its most high profile operation during this time was the Suez Crisis, when it took part in the amphibious assault against Egyptian targets. During Operation Musketeer, units of the Brigade made the first British helicopter borne assault in history.

1971 saw the withdrawal of British forces from the Far East and Persian Gulf. The Brigade returned to the UK with other British units. It moved to Stonehouse Barracks in Plymouth, where it remains to this day.

Its next large operation was in 1982. Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, and 3 Commando Brigade was one of the two main British land formations that took part in operations to recapture the islands. The Brigade landed at San Carlos Inlet and marched across East Falkand to Stanley. Argentine units were defeated in several sharp engagements, and their forces surrendered on 14 June. In the aftermath of the Gulf War, the Brigade was deployed on a non-combat task in northern Iraq. The Kurds had suffered immensely during the war and its immediate aftermath, and the Brigade was used due to its rapid deployment ability. It provided succour to the Kurds and saved many from starvation.

Recently, the brigade has been involved in two major campaigns, including Operation Veritas in Afghanistan, 2001 and 2002, and Operation Telic during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In Afghanistan, no contact was made with enemy forces, despite contrary predictions. Iraq, however, saw heavy fighting occur in the early stages of the campaign, as the Brigade made its first amphibious assault in over 20 years by landing on the Al-Faw peninsula in south east Iraq. Both operations were successful, and demonstrated the brigade is still ready to perform its traditional role as one of the United Kingdom's elite fighting forces.

In 2006, the brigade returned to Afghanistan on Operation Herrick, replacing 16 Air Assault Brigade.

[edit] Organisation

The Brigade is commanded by a Royal Marine Brigadier and draws on assets of the Royal Marines, Royal Navy, Royal Engineers and Royal Artillery. Brigade headquarters staff are located at Stonehouse Barracks, Plymouth, Devon with the majority of the subordinate formations in South West England.

The subordinate formations are:

• 40 Commando Royal Marines, based at Norton Manor Camp in Taunton, Somerset.
• 42 Commando Royal Marines, based at Bickleigh Barracks, Plymouth
• 45 Commando Royal Marines, based at Condor Barracks, Arbroath
• Commando Logistic Regiment, based at Chivenor, Devon
• 29 Commando Regiment Royal Artillery, based at Royal Citadel, Plymouth
• 24 Commando Regiment Royal Engineers
  • 59 Independent Commando Squadron Royal Engineers, based at Chivenor
  • 131 Independent Commando Squadron Royal Engineers (Volunteers)
• 539 Assault Squadron, Royal Marines
• UK Landing Force Command Support Group which comprises^[1]:

• CSG Headquarters Troop
• Signals Squadron

• Two HQ Satcomm Troops

• Brigade Staff Squadron
• Support Squadron

• Brigade Patrol Troop
• Electronic Warfare Troop (Y Troop)
• Air Defence Troop
• Tactical Air Control Parties
• Police Troop

• Logistics Squadron

• Motor Transport Troop
• QMs Troop
• Equipment Support Troop

Rotary wing support is provided by the Commando Helicopter Force based at RNAS Yeovilton

Special Forces support will be allocated from Director Special Forces as required for tasking.

When the Brigade is operating as the United Kingdom/ Netherlands Landing Force the Operational Control of 1st Marine Battalion of the Korps Mariniers is delegated to the formation.

During 2007 the Brigade structure will be enhanced with the formation of 24 Commando Regiment Royal Engineers subsuming 59 and 131 Squadrons and increasing the capacity to bring it into line with the deployable brigades of the British Army. A Light Infantry battalion will be added to the Order of Battle, 1st Battalion, The Rifles. 1 RIFLES will be assigned as 3 Commando Brigade's manoeuvre support battalion, thus creating a properly balanced all Arms Brigade.

[edit] See also

• British Commandos
• British military history
• Ski warfare
• Military of the United Kingdom

[edit] External links

• Royal Marines