Diskussion:Deutschland 1945–1949

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[Bearbeiten] Potsdamer Konferenz?

Ich finde, dass zu der Postdamer Konferenz eigentlich noch gesagt werden müsste, dass sie kein international gültiges Dokument (in den Augen des Westens) darstellte. "Das Abkommen von Potsdam wurde zwischen ihnen am 2. August 1945 verabschiedet." scheint irgendwie nicht die Lage so darzustellen, wie es war. Es haben zwar alle unterschrieben, aber es wurde ja nicht von den jeweiligen Parlamenten der Unterzeichner ratifiziert und ist somit kein völkerrechtlicher Vertrag.--Drpepperdrinker 17:49, 18. Okt 2005 (CEST)

Der Artikel sollte nach einem genauen Studium der Quellen überarbeitet, die Gliederung chronologisch und übersichtlicher gestaltet werden. Vielleicht auch Links zu anderen Lemmata.--Naux 17:35, 9. Dez 2005 (CET)

[Bearbeiten] Auf die englishe Wikipedia vertreibung artikel

Up to 12.4 or even 16.5 million Germans of the postwar population were forced to leave. The estimates of people that lost their lives differ. According to Federal Statistics Bureau of Germany in 1958 more than 2.1 million had lost their lives during this process. The monumental statistical work of the Gesamterhebung zur Klärung des Schicksals der deutschen Bevölkerung in den Vertreibungsgebieten, Bd.1-3 Munich 1965, confirms this figure. The standard study by Gerhard Reichling "Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen" concludes that 2,020,000 Germans perished as a result of the expulsion and deportation to slave labour in the Soviet Union. One German researcher Rüdiger Overmans has claimed that only 1,100,000 people lost their lives, but these lower figures and the methodology for obtaining them are disputed by reputable scholars as Dr. Fritz Peter Habel and Alfred de Zayas, who maintain in the newest editions of their publications that the death toll was well over two millions. Czech and Polish sources give a much lower estimate (Czech historians arguing that most of estimated population drop is because of soldiers killed at the front). It is worth noting that the only detailed effort to count the casualities was made by ethnic Germans from Yugoslavia, who documented all their victims, resulting in a figure half the estimate of the Federal Statistics Bureau. The deaths were caused by death marches ordered by Soviet and Slav-nationalist officials, banditry, famine and widespread disease that accompanied postwar conditions in that part of Europe as well as appalling conditions in the concentration camps created to hold German civilians awaiting expulsion. Probably one of the worst examples of the latter was run by Salomon Morel.

A recent German source gives the following details of the population transfers. Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen. Gerhard Reichling. 1986 ISBN 3-88557-046-7. Population transfers included 7,122,000 from former eastern Germany, 279,000 from Danzig, 661,000 from Poland , 2,911,000 from Czechoslovakia, 165,000 from the Baltic states, 90,000 from the USSR, 199,000 from Hungary, 228,000 from Rumania and 271,000 from Yugoslavia. The expellee population which in totaled 11,926,000 increased to 12,400,000 in 1950 due to the natural growth in population. In line with nationalisation made towards all citizens in communist countries property in the affected territory that belonged to Germany and Germans was confiscated and redistributed to new Slav or communist settlers.

Allied American numbers from 1957 give a number of about 16.5 million Germans who were subject to deportation. About 3 millions, according to this study, were 'lost on the way'.

The Potsdam Agreement called for equal distribution of the transferred Germans between American, British, French and Soviet occupation zones in Germany. In actuality, twice as many expelled Germans found refuge in the occupation zones that later formed "West Germany" than in the so-called "East Germany" (Soviet Zone), and large numbers of these Eastern German refugees went to other countries of the world, including the United States, Canada and Australia.

It is worth noting that the expulsion was not always indiscriminate. In Czechoslovakia large numbers of skilled Sudeten German workmen were forced to remain to labour for the Czechs [1]. Likewise in the Opole/Oppeln region in Upper Silesia German miners and their families were allowed to stay, though the German language remained forbidden for the next forty years. Secretly German traditions and dialect survived however, to be slowly recognized since the late 1990s.