内皮尔城
维基百科，自由的百科全书
[[紐西蘭Napier has a well documented Māori history. When the Ngati Kahungunu party of Taraia reached the district many centuries ago, the Whatumamoa, Rangitane and the Ngati Awa and elements of the Ngati Tara iwi existed in the nearby areas of Petane, Te Whanganui-a-Orotu and Waiohiki. Later, the Ngati Kahungunu became the dominant force from Poverty Bay to Wellington. They were one of the first Māori tribes to come in contact with European settlers. Te Whanganui-a-Orotu is still regarded as a Taonga Tuku Iho (a treasure for all time). 紐西蘭豪克斯湾的一個重要城市,人口大約50,000人.她和另一個城市譽為The Twin Cities 第1個到來的是歐洲人是庫克船長在1769年10月,東面岸邊拍岸.他說海港入口Westshore在shingle beach的盡頭.這個地點隨後到來的是歐洲商人,捕鯨者和傳教士.在1850年,農民和酒店保管人也到達.由首都惠灵顿去内皮尔城距離大約332km,大約四小時車程,豪克斯湾第2大城市,是紐西蘭其中1個最大的蘋果,洋莉和核果的生產中心.内皮尔城還可以會成為葡萄生產和酒類製造地區with the fruit passing from the growers around Metropolitan Hastings and then to Napier for exporting - 内皮尔城是1個出名退休和城鎮和旅遊會所
The Crown purchased the Ahuriri block (including the site of Napier) in 1851. In 1854 Alfred Domett was appointed Commissioner of Crown Lands and resident magistrate at Ahuriri. A plan was prepared and the town named after Sir Charles Napier, hero of the Battle of Meeanee in the Indian province of Sindh. Domett named many streets in the settlement to commemorate the great colonial era of the British Indian Empire. He also displayed his own literary preferences by naming streets after famous artists and literary figures.
在1874年,内皮尔城被組成市鎮並在marsh lands的周圍發展 但開發的速度比較慢.在1852和1876年之間,内皮尔城是豪克斯湾政府的行政中心但在1876年Abolition of Provinces Act消滅省政府,把立法機構轉移惠灵顿
Development was generally confined to the hill and to the port area of Ahuriri. In the early days Napier consisted of an oblong mass of hills (Scinde Island) almost entirely surrounded by water, from which ran out two single spits, one to the north and one to the south. There was a swamp between the now Hastings Street and Wellesley Road and the water extended to Clive Square.
On 3 February 1931 Napier was levelled by an earthquake and ensuing fires which killed 258 people. The town centre was destroyed and rebuilt in the popular Art Deco style of the time. Some 40 km² of today's Napier was undersea before the earthquake raised it. Although a few Art Deco buildings were replaced with contemporary structures during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (including ironically, the Art Gallery), most of the centre remained intact for long enough to become recognized as architecturally unique, and from the 1990s onwards had been protected and restored. Napier and South Beach (Miami) are considered by many Art Deco enthusiasts the two best preserved Art Deco towns, Miami Beach being mainly in the later Streamline Moderne Art Deco style.
In January 1945, the German submarine U-862 entered the Port of Napier undetected. That event later became the basis of a widely circulated post-war myth that Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Timm took his crew ashore near Napier to milk cows to supplement their rations.
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[编辑] 地理和氣候
The town is located on a headland (Bluff Hill) and surrounding plain at the southeastern edge of Hawke Bay, a large semi-circular bay which dominates the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The coastline of the town was substantially altered by a large earthquake in 1931. Apart from Hastings, several other, smaller towns lie close to the city, some of which (such as Taradale) are now little more than large suburbs. Other surrounding towns include Bay View, to the north, Clive, to the south, and Flaxmere, west of Hastings City.
The town enjoys some of the highest sunshine hours in New Zealand, its warm, relatively dry climate the result of its location on the east coast, a mediterranean climate delivered from the waters to the north, and its strategic position in Hawke's Bay. Most of New Zealand's weather patterns cross the country from the west, and the town lies in the rain shadow of the North Island Volcanic Plateau and surrounding ranges such as the Kaweka Range. However, the town is prone to the remnants of tropical cyclones from the central Pacific Ocean, which occasionally are still at storm strength by the time that they have reached Hawke's Bay.
[编辑] 旅遊
内皮尔城主要旅遊景點town itself which draws Art Deco and architecture enthusiasts from around the world. The rebuilding period after the 1931 earthquake coincided with the shortlived and rapidly changing Art Deco era and the Great Depression, when little 'mainstreet' development was being undertaken elsewhere. As a result Napier's architecture is strikingly different from any other city; the other notable Art Deco city, Miami Beach, has Streamline Moderne Art Deco. The whole centre of Napier was rebuilt at once, and in many ways it resembles a film set as it has whole streets of 'in period' buildings, but it is a real city and the buildings are original. Santa Barbara, California was also rebuilt after an earthquake in 1925 and is notable for its Spanish Mission Style buildings.
其他旅遊景點包括Marineland, the National Aquarium and the Soundshell. Attractions nearby include the Cape Kidnappers Gannet colony and many vineyards bordering Hastings City. Many people use Napier as a gateway to Hawkes Bay, flying in to the Hawkes Bay Domestic airport at Westshore from Wellington City, Auckland and Christchurch. 在豪克斯湾,旅遊客會探險Hastings City, Havelock North, Wairoa and Cape Kidnappers.
Tourists flock to Napier in February for Art Deco weekend and the Mission Concert Weekend. The large wine industry hosts the Annual Harvest Hawkes Bay Weekend.
[编辑] 工業
The range of industries in Napier and its environs include the electronics industry, the surrounding area wool trade, and the manufacture of fertilizer and wine. 内皮尔城是New Zealnd其中1個最大的煙草種植場.20059,不過,British American Tobacco 宣佈會關閉the iconic Rothmans factory,因需求正在減少. 製作地將會移住澳洲. The famous art deco-style factory has been producing up to 2.2 billion cigarettes a year for the New Zealand and Pacific Island markets. 1999年3月19人失去他們的工作因為很少人吃煙. [1]
Napier is served with more radio stations per head of population than any other city in the world [來源請求]. However, the radio industry thrives with major player The Radio Network operating eight very successful radio stations including Classic Hits 89.5 Bay City Radio (The 80's 90's and Whatever!), Newstalk ZB (News, information, and lifestyle), Viva 90.3 (Easy listening), Coast 1530AM, (Timeless Music) Radio Sport (Sporting programmes), Radio Hauraki (Classic Rock), ZM (Today's Hit Music), and FLAVA 96eight (Hip Hop & RnB).
[编辑] 名人出生
- Kevin Rigby — field hockey player
- Darren Smith — field hockey player
- Spencer Gollan
- Debbie Harwood (When The Cat's Away)
[编辑] Notes
