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Noam Chomsky - Wikipedia

Noam Chomsky

Frå Wikipedia – det frie oppslagsverket

Avram Noam Chomsky, (f. 7. desember 1928) i Philadelphia i Pennsylvania i USA, er professor i lingvistikk ved Massachusetts Institute of Technology og skapar av Chomskyhierarkiet, ei klassifisering av formelle språk. Chomsky sitt arbeid innafor generativ lingvistikk bidrog sterkt til behaviorismens nedgang og leidde til fremjinga av kognitiva vitskapar. I boka Syntatic Structures introduserte han teorien om at delar av den menneskelege grammatikken er nedarva i hjernen. Teoriane hans har hatt stor påverknad, sjølv om fleire forskarar ikkje er samd i dei.

Ved sidan av arbeidet innom språkvitskap er Chomsky mest kjend for sine venstreradikale synspunkt, og kritikk mot USA sin utanrikspolitikk. Han skildrar seg sjølv som friheitleg sosialist og tilhengar av anarkosyndikalismen. Chomsky var aktiv sionist1940-talet, men han var motstandar av opprettinga av staten Israel i 1948.

Innhaldsliste

[endre] Biografi

Noam Chomsky vaks opp i ein jødisk familie i Philadelphia. Far hans var forskar i hebraisk og fødd i Russland. I 1945 byrja Noam studier i filosofi og lingvistikk på University of Pennsylvania der han identifisera seg politisk med lingvistikkprofessoren Zellig Harris. Politisk aktiv vart han i samband med Vietnamkrigen

[endre] Politisk litteratur

Mest känd for den breda allmänheten er antagligen Noam Chomsky for sin kritik av USAs utrikespolitik og hur media fungerar. I sin bok tillsammans med Edward S Herman Manufacturing Consent -- The Political Economy of the Mass Media beskriver han fem filter for at sålla fram godkänd information i kapitalistiska system. Efter släppet av boken 9-11 om attacken mot World Trade Center 2001 fick han på allvar plats i det amerikanska mediebruset.

[endre] Lingvistikk

Innafor lingvistikken er Chomsky mest kjend som leiargestalt innafor minimalismen, den chomskyanske retninga innafor generativ grammatikk. Dei mest varig aksepterte bidraga hans til lingvistisk teori er frå formell lingvistikk og automatteori, særleg klassifiseringa av ulike typar formelle grammatikkar i det såkalla Chomskyhierarket.

[endre] Eksterne lenkjer

[endre] Bibliografi

[endre] Lingvistikk

Det ligg ein komplett bibliografi på Chomskys MIT-heimeside [1].

  • Chomsky, Noam, Morris Halle, og Fred Lukoff (1956). “On accent and juncture in English.” I For Roman Jakobson. The Hague: Mouton
  • Chomsky, Noam (1956). Three models for the description of language. I.R.E. Transactions on Information Theory, vol. IT-2, no. 3: 113-24
  • Chomsky (1957). Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton. Berlin and New York (1985).
  • Chomsky (1965). Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
  • Chomsky (1965). Cartesian Linguistics. New York: Harper and Row. Reprint. Cartesian Linguistics. Ett kapitel i the History of Rationalist Thought. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1986.
  • Chomsky, Noam, og Morris Halle (1968). The Sound Pattern of English. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Chomsky (1981). Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures. Holland: Foris Publications.
  • Chomsky (1986). Barriers. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph Thirteen. Cambridge, MA and London: The MIT Press.
  • Chomsky, Noam (1995). The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

[endre] Politiska verk

Några av dessa böcker er tillgängliga online på engelska[2].

  • Chomsky (1969). American Power and the New Mandarins. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1970). At War with Asia. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1971). Problems of Knowledge and Freedom: The Russell Lectures. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1973). For Reasons of State. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky & Herman, Edward (1973). CENSORED FULL TEXT Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact and Propaganda. Andover, MA: Warner Modular. Module no. 57.
  • Chomsky (1974). Peace in the Middle East: Reflections on Justice and Nationhood. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1979). Language and Responsibility. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky & Herman, Edward (1979). Political Economy of Human Rights (two volumes). Boston: South End Press. ISBN 0896080900 and ISBN 0896081001
  • Otero, C.P. (Ed.) (1981, 2003). Radical Priorities. Montréal: Black Rose; Stirling, Scotland: AK Press.
  • Chomsky (1982). Towards a New Cold War: Essays on the Current Crisis and How We Got There. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1983, 1999). The Fateful Triangle: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinians. Boston: South End Press. ISBN 0896086011
  • Chomsky (1985). Turning the Tide: U.S. Intervention in Central America and the Struggle for Peace. Boston: South End Press.
  • Chomsky (1986). Pirates and Emperors: International Terrorism and the Real World. New York: Claremont Research and Publications.
  • Chomsky (1987). On Power and Ideology: The Managua Lectures. Boston: South End Press.
  • Peck, James (Ed.) (1987). Chomsky Reader ISBN 0394751736
  • Chomsky (1988). The Culture of Terrorism. Boston: South End Press.
  • Chomsky & Herman, Edward (1988, 2002). Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon.
  • Chomsky (1989). Necessary Illusions. Boston: South End Press.
  • Chomsky (1989). Language and Politics. Montréal: Black Rose.
  • Chomsky (1991). Terrorizing the Neighborhood: American Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era. Stirling, Scotland: AK Press.
  • Chomsky (1992). Deterring Democracy. New York: Hill and Wang.
  • Chomsky (1992). Chronicles of Dissent. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press.
  • Chomsky (1992). What Uncle Sam Really Wants. Berkeley: Odonian Press.
  • Chomsky (1993). Year 501: The Conquest Continues. Boston: South End Press.
  • Chomsky (1993). Rethinking Camelot: JFK, the Vietnam War, and U.S. Political Culture. Boston: South End Press.
  • Chomsky (1993). Letters from Lexington: Reflections on Propaganda. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press.
  • Chomsky (1993). The Prosperous Few and the Restless Many. Berkeley: Odonian Press.
  • Chomsky (1994). Keeping the Rabble in Line. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press.
  • Chomsky (1994). World Orders Old and New. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Chomsky (1996). Class Warfare. Pluto Press.
  • Chomsky (1999). Profit Over People. Seven Stories Press.
  • Chomsky (2000). Rogue States: The Rule of Force in World Affairs. Cambridge: South End Press.
  • Chomsky (2001). 9-11. Seven Stories Press.
  • Mitchell, Peter & Schoeffel, John (Ed.) (2002). Understanding Power: The Indispensable Chomsky.
  • Chomsky (2003). Hegemony or Survival. Metropolitan Books. (DEl av the American Empire Project.)
  • Chomsky (2005). Chomsky On Anarchism. AK Press. ISBN 1904859208

[endre] Om Chomsky

  • Rai, Milan (1995). Chomsky's Politics
  • Barsky, Robert (1997). Noam Chomsky: A Life of Dissent, MIT Press
  • Horowitz, David, et al. (2004). The Anti-Chomsky Reader
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