November 11

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[edit] Births

• 1744-Abigail Adams
• 1915-William Proxmire
• 1974-Leonardo DiCaprio

[edit] Deaths

• 397 - Martin of Tours, French saint
• 537 - St. Silverius
• 1028 - Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire
• 1130 - Teresa of Leon, illegitimate daughter of Alfonso VI of Castile and Leon (b. 1080)
• 1285 - Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)
• 1686 - Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French general (b. 1621)
• 1831 - Nat Turner, American leader of a slave rebellion (b. 1800)
• 1855 - Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (b. 1813)
• 1880 - Ned Kelly (hanged)
• 1880 - Lucretia Mott, American feminist and abolitionist (b. 1793)
• 1917 - Liliuokalani of Hawaii, Queen of Hawaii
• 1945 - Jerome David Kern, American composer
• 1969 - Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
• 1973 - Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
• 1973 - David "Stringbean" Akeman, musician and actor (b. 1915)
• 1974 - Alfonso Leng, Chilean composer
• 1975 - Theodosius Dobzhansky, Ukrainian geneticist
• 1976 - Alexander Calder, American artist (b. 1898)
• 1979 - Dimitri Tiomkin, composer (b. 1894)
• 1989 - Kenneth Maclean Glazier, Sr., Canadian minister, librarian, and politician
• 1995 - Corneliu Coposu, Romanian politician and dissident
• 1997 - Rodney Milburn, American athlete
• 1999 - Jacobo Timmerman, writer, journalist
• 1999 - Mary Kay Bergman, voice actor
• 2000 - Hugh Paddick, British actor
• 2004 - Yasser Arafat, President of the Palestinian Authority (b. 1929)

[edit] Events

• 1215 - The Fourth Lateran Council meets, adopting the doctrine of transubstantiation, meaning that bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ.
• 1620 - In what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod, the Mayflower Compact is signed on the Mayflower, establishing the basic laws for the Plymouth Colony.
• 1634 - Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes "An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery" (anal sex).
• 1648 - France and the Netherlands agree to divide the island of Sint Maarten/Saint Martin.
• 1675 - Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the y=x function.
• 1675 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
• 1831 - In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
• 1839 - The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea - Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
• 1865 — Treaty of Sinchula is signed in which Bhutan ceded the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
• 1880 - Australian bushranger and bank robber Ned Kelly is hung in Melbourne.
• 1887 - Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal starts at Eastham.
• 1889 - Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state.
• 1911 - Many cities in the midwest broke their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through. (see The 11/11/11 cold wave).
• 1918 - World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France.
• 1918 - Józef Piłsudski comes to Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in Poland.
• 1918 - Emperor Charles I of Austria abdicates.
• 1919 - The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the IWW.
• 1921 - The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
• 1930 - Patent number US1781541 was awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein Refrigerator.
• 1933 - Dust Bowl: In South Dakota, a very strong dust storm strips topsoil from desiccated farmlands.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Taranto - The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
• 1940 - The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.
• 1940 - Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected blizzard kills 144 in U.S. Midwest.
• 1942 - Road to Morocco, starring Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, and Dorothy Lamour, premieres.
• 1965 - Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe) was declared independent by the white minority regime of Ian Smith.
• 1966 - NASA launches spaceship Gemini 12.
• 1967 - Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the NLF and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
• 1968 - Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal was to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
• 1968 - A second republic is declared in the Maldives.
• 1969 - Jim Morrison (The Doors) is arrested by the FBI after repeatedly prodding a stewardess.
• 1972 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
• 1975 - Angola becomes independent from Portugal.
• 1975 - Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister.
• 1978 - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom succeeded Ibrahim Nasir as the president of the Republic of Maldives. He has since been re-elected for six consecutive 5-year terms.
• 1978 - A renovated Hollywood sign is unveiled, replacing the older version that was built in 1923.
• 1986 - Sperry Rand and Burroughs merge to form Unisys, becoming the second largest computer company.
• 1988 - In Sacramento, California, police find a body buried in the lawn of 60-year-old boardinghouse landlady Dorothea Puente .
• 1992 - The Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
• 1997 - Mary McAleese was inaugurated as the eighth President of Ireland.
• 1997 - Marianne Biancuzzo was charged for drowning her newborn baby in a toilet and hiding the remains in a coffee can in Tucson, Arizona.
• 2000 - In Kaprun, Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.
• 2004 - New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington
• 2004 - Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization minutes after the death of Yasser Arafat.
• 2004 - Official Guided by Voices Day in San Diego, California.
• 2004 - Mary McAleese was inaugurated for a second term as President of Ireland.