Jepang

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Artikel ieu keur dikeureuyeuh, ditarjamahkeun tina basa Inggris. Bantosanna diantos kanggo narjamahkeun.

Jepang (Nippon/Nihon 日本 ^kupingkeun(harti aksarana panonpoe, jeung akar/asli), harti literaturna "asli ti panonpoe ") ngarupakeun salah sahiji nagara di Asia Wetan ayana antara Samudera Pacific jeung wetaneun Semenanjung Korea. Tina ngaranna, leuwih umum ditarjamahkeun jadi "Nagari Panonpoe Terbit," asalna tina basa China jeung ningali posisi Jepang relatif pangwetanna ti Benua Asia. Samemehna Jepang aya hubungan jeung China, disebut oge Yamato (大和). Wa (倭) ngarupakeun salah sahiji ngaran mimiti China anu dipake keur nyebut Japan, kira-kira waktu Periode Three Kingdoms.

Bentuk Jepang siga ranggeuyan rante, pulo-pulo gedena, di kidul ka kaler, Kyushu (九州), Shikoku (四国), Honshu (本州, pulo panggedena), jeung Hokkaido (北海道).

Nippon (Nihon-koku)
日本国

(In Detail) (Imperial Seal)
National motto: None
Official language	Basa Jepang
Capital	Tokyo1
Largest City	Tokyo
Emperor	Akihito
Prime minister	Junichirō Koizumi
Area  - Total  - % water	Ranked 60th 377,835 km² 0.8%
Population  - Total (2003)  - Density	Ranked 10th 127,214,499 335/km²
GDP (base exchange rates)  - Total (2002)  - GDP/head	Ranked 2nd (among countries) Ranked 3rd (among economies) $4.52 trillion $28,000(ppp)
GNP  - Total (2000)  - GNP/head	Ranked 2nd $4.85 trillion $38,000
Currency	Yen
Time zone	UTC +9
National anthem	Kimi Ga Yo
Internet TLD	.JP
Calling Code	81
1 Some argue that Kyoto has this status: see Capital of Japan debate.

Daptar eusi 1 Ngaran Asli 2 Sajarah 2.1 Pra-Sajarah 3 Propinsi 4 Geografi 5 Ekonomi 6 Demografi 7 Budaya 8 Bacaan saterusna 9 Rupa-rupa jejer 10 Tumbu kaluar 10.1 Resmi 10.2 Sejenna

[édit] Ngaran Asli

Dina Basa Jepang kecap Jepang nyaeta Nippon atawa Nihon. Duanana ditulis dina karakter kanji nu sarua. Basa Jepang Nippon dipake keur kaperluan resmi, kaasup duit, cap, sarta kagiatan olahraga internasional. Nihon leuwih sederhana dipake di Jepang. Contona, urang Jepang nyebut manehna Nihonjin sarta basana Nihongo: hartina "Urang Jepang" sarta "Basa Jepang". Di Jepang ayeuna, Nippon leuwih nasionalis, sarta dipake ku para kokolot, sabalikan watesan Nihon dina watesan sederhana, sarta dipake ku sabagean gede urang Jepang.

Dina Basa Inggris kecap Jepang asalna ti kulon keur mimiti rute dagang. Dina Cina Mandarin kecap Jepang mimiti dipake ku Marco Polo nyaeta Cipangu. Sanajan kitu, dina Basa Kanton kecap keur Jepang, kamungkinanna ngarupakeun kecap mimitiJapan, nyaeta Jatbun. Dina Basa Melaya kecap Kanton ieu jadi Japang nu saterusna dipake ku Bangsa Portugis nu dagang di Malacca dina abad ka-16. Ku sabab kitu padagang Portugis dianggap nu mimiti ngenalkeun kecap Jepang ka Eropa. Mimiti dipake dina Basa English dina taun 1577, dibacana Giapan.

Dina Basa Inggris, ngaran nagara sacara resmi nyaeta "Japan". Samemehna, ditulis lengkep nyaeta "Empire of Japan" tapai saterusna robah dumasar kana konstitusi sanggeus perang. Basa resmi Jepang nyaeta Nihonkoku (日本国), nu hartina "Nagara Jepang."

[édit] Sajarah

Artikel Utama: Sajarah Jepang

[édit] Pra-Sajarah

Hasil panalungtikan arkeologi nunjukkeun yen di Jepang geus aya kahirupan samemeh 500,000 taun katukang, salila periode Paleolitik Handap. Salila zaman es dina sababara milyar taun, Jepang ngahiji jeung Benua Asia ku ayana jembatan pulo (mimiti Sakhalin di kaler, sarta mungkin nepi ka Kyushu di kidul), nu ngagampangkeun pindahna manusa, sato jeung tutuwuhan ka kapuloan Jepang ti wewengkon China jeung Korea ayeuna.

Tanda-tanda kahirupan sosial dimimitian kira-kira 10,000 SM (Samemeh Masehi) ku budaya Jōmon, dicirikeun ku robahna tina mesolithic ka neolithic tina kahirupan moro kana kahirupan nu netep jeung mimiti apal kana tatanen. Benang acan kapanggih sarta baju masih make tina kulit kai. Kira-kira dina jaman ieu, masarakat Jomon mimiti nyieun guci tina taneuh liat, make hiasan nu nembongkeun ayana anyaman atawa henteu (Jōmon hartina "pola tali nu dianyam"). Kamungkinan, keramik pangkolotna kapanggih di Jepang, sanajan umurna teu bisa ditangtukeun.

Loba nu percaya, yen Ainu, bangsa pribumi Jepang nu tumetep di Hokkaido, ngarupakeun katurunan Jōmon tur nunjukkeun penduduk Jepang nu mimiti.

[édit] Propinsi

Artikel utama: Perfektur di Jepang

Di Jepang aya 47 perfektur. Perfektur ngarupakeun bagian administrasi panggedena. Unggal perfektur ngalaksanakeun pamilihan gubernur jeung legislatif tur biro administrasi.

Perfektur ilahar kabagi kana wewengkon. Wewengkon ieu lain bentuk formal, teu pakait jeung pamilihan tur administrasi.

Di handap ieu tabel nu ilahar dipake numana perfektur diruntuykeun dumasar kana wewengkonna ti kaler ka kidul.

Region	Prefectures
Hokkaidō	Hokkaidō
Tōhoku	Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, Yamagata
Kantō	Chiba, Gunma, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama, Tochigi, Tokyo
Chūbu	Aichi, Fukui, Gifu, Ishikawa, Nagano, Niigata, Shizuoka, Toyama, Yamanashi
Kansai	Hyōgo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, Wakayama
Chūgoku	Hiroshima, Okayama, Shimane, Tottori, Yamaguchi
Shikoku	Ehime, Kagawa, Kōchi, Tokushima
Kyūshū	Fukuoka, Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, Nagasaki, Oita, Saga
Okinawa	Okinawa

[édit] Geografi

Artikel Utama: Geography of Japan

Jepang, ngarupakeun nagara kapuloan, manjang di beulah wetan Samudera Pafisik basisir Asia. Pulo gedena, ti kaler ka kidul nyaeta Karafuto (dina kakawasan Jepang: taun 1679-1875), Hokkaido, Honshu (pulo utama), Shikoku, jeung Kyushu. Mairuppo ngaleupaskeun Kapuloan Kuril ( dina Basa Jepang: 千島列島, Chishima Rettō) leuwih ti 800 km kaleureun Hokkaido; Naha di Okinawa di Kapuloan Ryukyu leuwih ti 800 km kaleureun. Tambahan sejenna, kira-kira aya 3,000 pulo leutik nu bisa kaitung ngajadikeun Jepang salaku nagara kapuloan tur leuwih lega. Kira-kira 73% ngarupakeun pagunungan, nu ngabentuk siga rante di unggal pulo utama. Gunung pangluhurna di Jepang tur kawentar nyaeta Gunung Fuji kira-kira 3,776 m. Oyakobayama, pangkalerna di Kapuloan Kuril, puncak-saljuna (2337 m) langsung kaluar di tengah laut.

[édit] Ekonomi

Main article: Economy of Japan

Hubungan gawe nu raket tur hade antara pamarentah jeung industri dina widang teknologi tinggi, merhatikeun dunya pendidikan dibandingkeun keur kaperluan pertahanan (1% tina GDP) ngajadikeun ekonomi Jepang hirup kalawan gancang sarta nagara nu kuat di sagigireun Amerika jeung Eropa.

[édit] Demografi

Main article: Demographics of Japan

Kahirupan urang Jepang sacara etnik jeung basa hampir sarua, populasi utama nu saeutik nyaeta Korea Kaler jeung Kidul (1 million), Okinawa (1.5 million), China jeung Taiwan (0.5 million), Filipina (0.5 million), sarta Brazil (250,000), sarta minoritas bangsa pribumi Ainu di Hokkaido. 99% masyarakat Jepang ngobrol make Basa Jepang dina kahirupan sapopoe sarta ngarupakeun basa indung. Tempo oge: Religions of Japan

[édit] Budaya

Main article: Culture of Japan

Budaya Jepang ngarupakeun hasil interaksi antara budaya Jomon nu kuat jeung sesana pangaruh budaya luar luar. Ciina jeung Korea nu mimiti mere pangaruh dina waktu budaya Yayoi kira-kira 300 SM. Mesir kuno jeung tradisional India dikombinasikeun dina Greco-Buddhism, mangaruhan kana seni jeung kapercyaan Jepang ti mimiti abad ka 6 M, dimekarkeun ku ngawanohkeun Mahayana Buddhism. Ti mimiti abad ka 16, mimiti asup pangaruh Eropa, sarta pangaruh dominan Amerika sanggeus Perang Dunya ka II.

[édit] Bacaan saterusna

• Conrad Totman, 2000. 'A History of Modern Japan. Blackwell Publishers.'
• C.H. Kwan. 2001. 'Yen Bloc: Toward Economic Integration in Asia.' Brookings Institution Press.
• Bernson, Mary Hammond and Elaine Magnusson, eds. MODERN JAPAN: AN IDEA BOOK FOR K-12 TEACHERS. MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION RESOURCE SERIES. Olympia, WA: Office of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1984. ED 252 486.
• Cogan, John J. and Donald O. Schneider, eds. PERSPECTIVES ON JAPAN: A GUIDE FOR TEACHERS. Washington, DC: National Council for the Social Studies, 1983. ED 236 090.
• EAST MEETS WEST: MUTUAL IMAGES. Stanford, CA: California Center for Research in International Studies, l980. ED 196 765.
• Kaderabeck, Leslie. THE JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE WORKER: A MICROCOSM OF JAPAN'S SUCCESS. 1985. ED 263 041.
• Murphy, Carole. A STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR PLANNING A JAPANESE CULTURAL FESTIVAL. 1983. ED 238 748.
• Wojtan, Linda S. FREE RESOURCES FOR TEACHING ABOUT JAPAN. Bloomington, IN: Midwest Program for Teaching about Japan, Indiana University, 1986. ED 270 3891.

[édit] Rupa-rupa jejer

• Kalénder Jepang
• Atikan di Jepang
• Transportasi di Jepang
• Tentara Jepang
• Hukum Jepang
• Televisi jeung Radio Jepang
• Masalah étika di Jepang
• Budaya ponsél di Jepang

[édit] Tumbu kaluar

[édit] Resmi

• Kantei.go.jp - Official prime ministerial and cabinet site
• Sangi-in.go.jp - Official site of the House of Councillors
• Shugi-in.go.jp - Official site of the House of Representatives
• Courts.go.jp - Official site of the Japanese Supreme Court
• Kunaicho.go.jp - Official site of the Imperial family.

[édit] Sejenna

• Hanami Web - InsideJapan
• CIA World Factbook -- Japan
• Kyodo Japan News Wire Service
• Japan Today - Japan news and information portal
• AJR Newslink - Database of English newspapers in Japan
• The Japan FAQ: Know Before You Go
• Business Week - Japan: The System That Soured
• The Nikkei Stock Market Crash
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Detailed papers on Japan's foreign policy, education programs, culture and life.
• Japan Zone - Japan Travel Guide, Japanese Popular Culture, History and Japanese Etiquette
• World-wide press freedom index - Rank 26 out of 139 countries (3 way tie)
• Open Directory Project - Directory of Japan
• lookjapan.com -- online magazine about Japan
• japaneselifestyle.com.au -- online resource on Japanese culture and kimono
• Japan for Dummies Pictures of everyday life in Japan
• Japan SAQ (Seldom Asked Questions)
• The Beautiful Way of the Samurai History of Male Love in Japan
• J-Pop.com A portal into Japanese pop culture
• Link of Links on Japan Trivia (multilingual)
• Japan travel guide at Wikitravel
• GotJapan.com A guide to Traveling, Living, Working, Studying Japanese
• Japan - A Huge Directory of Japan in English

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