51st United States Congress

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Contents 1 Dates of Sessions 2 Major events 3 Major legislation 4 Party summary 4.1 Senate 4.2 House of Representatives 5 Leadership 5.1 Senate 5.2 House of Representatives 6 Party Leadership 6.1 Senate 6.2 House of Representatives 7 Members 7.1 Senate 7.2 House of Representatives 7.2.1 Delegates 8 Membership Changes 8.1 Senate 8.2 House of Representatives 9 Officers 9.1 Senate 9.2 House of Representatives 9.3 Other 10 References

The Fifty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the United States national legislature, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1889 to March 3, 1891, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Benjamin Harrison.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1880. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

[edit] Dates of Sessions

March 4, 1889–March 3, 1891

• Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1889 – April 2, 1889
• First session: December 2, 1889 - October 1, 1890
• Second session: December 1, 1890 - March 2, 1891 — a lame duck session

Previous congress: 50th Congress
Next congress: 52nd Congress

[edit] Major events

The First Congress to appropriate over $1 billion dollars.

Main article: Events of 1889; Events of 1890; Events of 1891

[edit] Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the Fifty-first Congress

This Congress was dominated by the Republican Party. It was responsible for a number of pieces of landmark legislation, many of which asserted the authority of the federal government.

Emboldened by their success in the elections of 1888, the Republicans enacted virtually their entire platform during their first 303-day session, including a measure that provided American Civil War veterans with generous pensions and expanded the list of eligible recipients to include noncombatants and the children of veterans. Grover Cleveland had vetoed a similar bill in 1887. It was criticized as the "Billion Dollar Congress'" for its lavish spending and, for this reason, it incited drastic reversals in public support that led to Cleveland's reelection in 1892.

Other important legislation passed into law by the Congress included the McKinley tariff, authored by Representative (and future President) William McKinley; the Sherman Antitrust Act, which prohibited business combinations that restricted trade; and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which required the U.S. government to mint silver. The last two were concessions to Western farmer interests in exchange for support of the tariff and would become central tenets of the Populist Party later in the decade. They were authored by Senator John Sherman of Ohio.

The Fifty-first Congress was also responsible for passing the Land Revision Act of 1891, which created the national forests. Harrison authorized America's first forest reserve in Yellowstone, Wyoming, the same year.

Other bills were discussed but failed to pass, including two significant pieces of legislation focused on ensuring African Americans the right to vote. Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts sponsored a so-called Force Bill that would have established federal supervision of Congressional elections so as to prevent the disfranchisement of southern blacks. Henry W. Blair of New Hampshire sponsored the Blair Education Bill, which advocated the use of federal aid for education in order to frustrate southern whites employing literacy tests to prevent blacks from registering to vote.

• July 2, 1890 - Sherman Antitrust Act, (ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, 15 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.)
• 1890 - Sherman Silver Purchase Act (ch. 708, 26 Stat. 289)
• 1890 - McKinley tariff (ch. 1244, 26 Stat. 567)
• 1891 - Forest Reserve Act of 1891
• 1891 - Land Revision Act of 1891

[edit] Party summary

[edit] Senate

• Republicans: 39
• Democrats: 37

TOTAL members: 76

[edit] House of Representatives

• Republicans: 167
• Democrats: 152
• Labor: 2

TOTAL members: 321

• delegates: 1

[edit] Leadership

[edit] Senate

• President of the Senate:
  • Levi P. Morton, Republican of New York.
• President Pro Tempore:
  • John J. Ingalls, Republican of Kansas, first elected in this Congress March 7, 1889.
  • Charles F. Manderson, Republican of Nebraska, elected March 2, 1891.

[edit] House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House:
  • Thomas B. Reed, Republican of Maine, elected December 2, 1889.

[edit] Party Leadership

[edit] Senate

• Democratic Caucus Chairman:
  • James B. Beck, Democratic of Kentucky
  • Arthur P. Gorman, Democratic of Maryland
• Republican Conference Chairman:
  • George F. Edmunds, Republican of Vermont

[edit] House of Representatives

• Democratic Caucus Chairman:
  • William S. Holman, Democrat of Indiana.
• Republican Conference Chairman:
  • Thomas J. Henderson, Republican of Illinois.

[edit] Members

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Nearly all of the members of the House of Representatives were elected to single member districts, by popular vote.

See also: Fifty-first United States Congress - State Delegations

See also: Fifty-first United States Congress - Political Parties

See also: United States House election, 1888

[edit] Senate

Alabama

• John T. Morgan (1824-1907),  Democratic
• James L. Pugh (1820-1907),  Democratic

Arkansas

• James K. Jones (1839-1908),  Democratic
• John D. Alderson (1854-1910), Democratic

California

• Leland Stanford (1824-1893),  Republican
• George Hearst (1820-1891),  Democratic ...died in office February 28, 1891.

Colorado

• Henry M. Teller (1830-1914),  Republican
• Edward O. Wolcott (1848-1905),  Republican

Connecticut

• Orville H. Platt (1827-1905),  Republican
• Joseph R. Hawley (1826-1905),  Republican

Delaware

• George Gray (1840-1925),  Democratic
• Anthony Higgins (1840-1912),  Republican

Florida

• Wilkinson Call (1834-1910),  Democratic
• Samuel Pasco (1834-1917),  Democratic

Georgia

• Joseph E. Brown (1821-1894),  Democratic
• Alfred H. Colquitt (1824-1894),  Democratic

Idaho

• George L. Shoup (1836-1904),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 29, 1890.
• William J. McConnell (1839-1925),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated January 5, 1891.

Illinois

• Shelby M. Cullom (1829-1914),  Republican
• Charles B. Farwell (1823-1903),  Republican

Indiana

• Daniel W. Voorhees (1827-1897),  Democratic
• David Turpie (1828-1909),  Democratic

Iowa

• William B. Allison (1829-1908),  Republican
• James F. Wilson (1828-1895),  Republican

Kansas

• John J. Ingalls (1833-1900),  Republican
• Preston B. Plumb (1837-1891),  Republican

Kentucky

• James B. Beck (1822-1890),  Democratic ...died in office May 3, 1890.
• Joseph C.S. Blackburn (1838-1918),  Democratic
• John G. Carlisle (1834-1910),  Democratic ...resigned House May 29, 1890, ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.

Louisiana

• Randall L. Gibson (1832-1892),  Democratic
• James B. Eustis (1834-1899),  Democratic

Maine

• Eugene Hale (1836-1918),  Republican
• William P. Frye (1830-1911),  Republican

Maryland

• Arthur P. Gorman (1839-1906),  Democratic
• Ephraim K. Wilson (1821-1891),  Democratic ...died in office February 24, 1891.

Massachusetts

• Henry L. Dawes (1816-1903),  Republican
• George F. Hoar (1826-1904),  Republican

Michigan

• Francis B. Stockbridge (1826-1894),  Republican
• James McMillan (1838-1902),  Republican

Minnesota

• Cushman K. Davis (1838-1900),  Republican
• William D. Washburn (1831-1912),  Republican

Mississippi

• James Z. George (1826-1897),  Democratic
• Edward C. Walthall (1831-1898),  Democratic

Missouri

• Francis M. Cockrell (1834-1915),  Democratic
• George G. Vest (1830-1904),  Democratic

Montana

• Thomas C. Power (1839-1923),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.
• Wilbur F. Sanders (1834-1905),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.

Nebraska

• Charles F. Manderson (1837-1911),  Republican
• Algernon S. Paddock (1830-1897),  Republican

Nevada

• John P. Jones (1829-1912),  Republican
• William M. Stewart (1827-1909),  Republican

New Hampshire

• Henry W. Blair (1834-1920),  Republican
• Gilman Marston (1811-1890),  Republican …appointed to fill vacancy, served until June 18, 1889.

  William E. Chandler (1835-1917),  Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 18, 1889.

New Jersey

• John R. McPherson (1833-1897),  Democratic
• Rufus Blodgett (1834-1910),  Democratic

New York

• William M. Evarts (1818-1901),  Republican
• Frank Hiscock (1834-1914),  Republican

North Carolina

• Matt W. Ransom (1826-1904),  Democratic
• Zebulon B. Vance (1830-1894),  Democratic

North Dakota

• Lyman R. Casey (1837-1914),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.
• Gilbert A. Pierce (1839-1901),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.

Ohio

• John Sherman (1823-1900),  Republican
• Henry B. Payne (1810-1896),  Democratic

Oregon

• Joseph N. Dolph (1835-1897),  Republican
• John H. Mitchell (1835-1905),  Republican

Pennsylvania

• J. Donald Cameron (1833-1918),  Republican
• Matthew S. Quay (1833-1904),  Republican

Rhode Island

• Nelson W. Aldrich (1841-1915), Republican
• Jonathan Chace (1829-1917),  Republican ...resigned April 9, 1889.
• Nathan F. Dixon (1847-1897),  Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

South Carolina

• Matthew C. Butler (1836-1909),  Democratic
• Wade Hampton, III (1818-1902),  Democratic

South Dakota

• Richard F. Pettigrew (1848-1926),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
• Gideon C. Moody (1832-1904),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Tennessee

• Isham G. Harris (1818-1897),  Democratic
• William B. Bate (1826-1905),  Democratic

Texas

• Richard Coke (1829-1897),  Democratic
• John H. Reagan (1818-1905),  Democratic

Vermont

• George F. Edmunds (1828-1919),  Republican
• Justin S. Morrill (1810-1898),  Republican

Virginia

• John W. Daniel (1842-1910),  Democratic
• John S. Barbour, Jr. (1820-1892), Democratic

Washington

• John B. Allen (1845-1903), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
• Watson C. Squire (1838-1926),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

West Virginia

• John E. Kenna (1848-1893),  Democratic
• Charles J. Faulkner (1847-1929),  Democratic

Wisconsin

• Philetus Sawyer (1816-1900),  Republican
• John C. Spooner (1843-1919),  Republican

Wyoming

• Joseph M. Carey (1845-1924),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
• Francis E. Warren (1844-1929),  Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

[edit] House of Representatives

Alabama

• 1. Richard H. Clarke (1843-1906), Democratic
• 2. Hilary A. Herbert (1834-1919), Democratic
• 3. William C. Oates (1835-1910), Democratic
• 4. Louis W. Turpin (1849-1903), Democratic ...contested election, served until June 4, 1890.

  John V. McDuffie (1841-1896), Republican ...contested election, seated June 4, 1890.

• 5. James E. Cobb (1835-1903), Democratic
• 6. John H. Bankhead (1842-1920), Democratic
• 7. William H. Forney (1823-1894), Democratic
• 8. Joseph Wheeler (1836-1906), Democratic

Arkansas

• 1. William H. Cate (1839-1899), Democratic ...contested election, served until March 5, 1890.

  Lewis P. Featherstone (1851-1922), Labor ...contested election, seated March 5, 1890.

• 2. Clifton R. Breckinridge (1846-1932), Democratic ...contested election, served until September 5, 1890.; elected to fill resulting vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
• 3. Thomas C. McRae (1851-1929), Democratic
• 4. John H. Rogers (1845-1911), Democratic
• 5. Samuel W. Peel (1831-1924), Democratic

California

• 1. John J. De Haven (1849-1913), Republican ...resigned October 1, 1890.

  Thomas J. Geary (1854-1929), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1890.

• 2. Marion Biggs (1823-1910), Democratic
• 3. Joseph McKenna (1843-1926), Republican
• 4. William W. Morrow (1843-1929), Republican
• 5. Thomas J. Clunie (1852-1903), Democratic
• 6. William Vandever (1817-1893), Republican

Colorado

• A/L. Hosea Townsend (1840-1909), Republican

Connecticut

• 1. William E. Simonds (1842-1903), Republican
• 2. Washington F. Willcox (1834-1909), Democratic
• 3. Charles A. Russell (1852-1902), Republican
• 4. Frederick Miles (1815-1896), Republican

Delaware

• A/L. John B. Penington (1825-1902), Democratic

Florida

• 1. Robert H.M. Davidson (1832-1908), Democratic
• 2. Robert Bullock (1828-1905), Democratic

Georgia

• 1. Rufus E. Lester (1837-1906), Democratic
• 2. Henry G. Turner (1839-1904), Democratic
• 3. Charles F. Crisp (1845-1896), Democratic
• 4. Thomas W. Grimes (1844-1905), Democratic
• 5. John D. Stewart (1833-1894), Democratic
• 6. James H. Blount (1837-1903), Democratic
• 7. Judson C. Clements (1846-1917), Democratic
• 8. Henry H. Carlton (1835-1905), Democratic
• 9. Allen D. Candler (1834-1910), Democratic
• 10. George T. Barnes (1833-1901), Democratic

Idaho

• A/L. Willis Sweet (1856-1925), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

Illinois

• 1. Abner Taylor (1829-1903), Republican
• 2. Frank Lawler (1842-1896), Democratic
• 3. William E. Mason (1850-1921), Republican
• 4. George E. Adams (1840-1917), Republican
• 5. Albert J. Hopkins (1846-1922), Republican
• 6. Robert R. Hitt (1834-1906), Republican
• 7. Thomas J. Henderson (1824-1911), Republican
• 8. Charles A. Hill (1833-1902), Republican
• 9. Lewis E. Payson (1840-1909), Republican
• 10. Philip S. Post (1833-1895), Republican
• 11. William H. Gest (1838-1912), Republican
• 12. Scott Wike (1834-1901), Democratic
• 13. William M. Springer (1836-1903), Democratic
• 14. Jonathan H. Rowell (1833-1908), Republican
• 15. Joseph G. Cannon (1836-1926), Republican
• 16. George W. Fithian (1854-1921), Democratic
• 17. Edward Lane (1842-1912), Democratic
• 18. William S. Forman (1847-1908), Democratic
• 19. Richard W. Townshend (1840-1899), Democratic ...died March 9, 1889, before Congress assembled.

  James R. Williams (1850-1923), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 20. George W. Smith (1846-1907), Republican

Indiana

• 1. William F. Parrett (1825-1895), Democratic
• 2. John H. O'Neall (1838-1907), Democratic
• 3. Jason B. Brown (1839-1898), Democratic
• 4. William S. Holman (1822-1897), Democratic
• 5. George W. Cooper (1851-1899), Democratic
• 6. Thomas M. Browne (1829-1891), Republican
• 7. William D. Bynum (1846-1927), Democratic
• 8. Elijah V. Brookshire (1856-1936), Democratic
• 9. Joseph B. Cheadle (1842-1904), Republican
• 10. William D. Owen (1846-1906), Republican
• 11. Augustus N. Martin (1847-1901), Democratic
• 12. Charles A.O. McClellan (1835-1898), Democratic
• 13. Benjamin F. Shively (1857-1916), Democratic

Iowa

• 1. John H. Gear (1825-1900), Republican
• 2. Walter I. Hayes (1841-1901), Democratic
• 3. David B. Henderson (1840-1906), Republican
• 4. Joseph H. Sweney (1845-1918), Republican
• 5. Daniel Kerr (1836-1916), Republican
• 6. John F. Lacey (1841-1913), Republican
• 7. Edwin H. Conger (1843-1907), Republican ...resigned October 24, 1890.

  Edward R. Hays (1847-1896), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.

• 8. James P. Flick (1845-1929), Republican
• 9. Joseph R. Reed (1835-1925), Republican
• 10. Jonathan P. Dolliver (1858-1910), Republican
• 11. Isaac S. Struble (1843-1913), Republican

Kansas

• 1. Edmund N. Morrill (1834-1909), Republican
• 2. Edward H. Funston (1836-1911), Republican
• 3. Bishop W. Perkins (1841-1894), Republican
• 4. Thomas Ryan (1837-1914), Republican ...resigned April 4, 1889.

  Harrison Kelley (1836-1897), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 5. John A. Anderson (1834-1892), Republican
• 6. Erastus J. Turner (1846-1933), Republican
• 7. Samuel R. Peters (1842-1910), Republican

Kentucky

• 1. William J. Stone (1841-1923), Democratic
• 2. William T. Ellis (1845-1925), Democratic
• 3. Isaac H. Goodnight (1849-1901), Democratic
• 4. Alexander B. Montgomery (1837-1910), Democratic
• 5. Asher G. Caruth (1844-1907), Democratic
• 6. John G. Carlisle (1834-1910), Democratic ...resigned House May 29, 1890, ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.

  W. W. Dickerson (1851-1923), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 30, 1890.

• 7. William C.P. Breckinridge (1837-1904), Democratic
• 8. James B. McCreary (1838-1918), Democratic
• 9. Thomas H. Paynter (1851-1921), Democratic
• 10. John H. Wilson (1846-1923), Republican
• 11. Hugh F. Finley (1833-1909), Republican

Louisiana

• 1. Theodore S. Wilkinson (1847-1921), Democratic
• 2. Hamilton D. Coleman (1845-1926), Republican
• 3. Edward J. Gay (1816-1899), Democratic ...died May 30, 1889, before Congress assembled.

  Andrew Price (1854-1909), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 4. Newton C. Blanchard (1849-1922), Democratic
• 5. Charles J. Boatner (1849-1903), Democratic
• 6. Samuel M. Robertson (1852-1911), Democratic

Maine

• 1. Thomas B. Reed (1839-1902), Republican
• 2. Nelson J. Dingley, Jr. (1832-1899), Republican
• 3. Seth L. Milliken (1831-1897), Republican
• 4. Charles A. Boutelle (1839-1901), Republican

Maryland

• 1. Charles H. Gibson (1842-1900), Democratic
• 2. Herman Stump (1837-1917), Democratic
• 3. Harry W. Rusk (1852-1926), Democratic
• 4. Henry J. Stockbridge, Jr. (1856-1924), Republican
• 5. Barnes Compton (1830-1898), Democratic …contested election, served until March 20, 1890.

  Sydney E. Mudd (1858-1911), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated March 20, 1890.

• 6. Louis E. McComas (1846-1907), Republican

Massachusetts

• 1. Charles S. Randall, Republican
• 2. Elijah A. Morse, Republican
• 3. John F. Andrew, Democratic
• 4. Joseph H. O'Neil, Democratic
• 5. Nathaniel P. Banks, Republican
• 6. Henry Cabot Lodge, Republican
• 7. William Cogswell, Republican
• 8. Frederic T. Greenhalge, Republican
• 9. John W. Candler, Republican
• 10. Joseph H. Walker, Republican
• 11. Rodney Wallace, Republican
• 12. Francis W. Rockwell, Republican

Michigan

• 1. John L. Chipman (1830-1893), Democratic
• 2. Edward P. Allen (1839-1909), Republican
• 3. James O'Donnell (1840-1915), Republican
• 4. Julius C. Burrows (1837-1915), Republican
• 5. Charles E. Belknap (1846-1929), Republican
• 6. Mark S. Brewer (1837-1901), Republican
• 7. Justin R. Whiting (1847-1903), Democratic
• 8. Aaron T. Bliss (1837-1906), Republican
• 9. Byron M. Cutcheon (1836-1908), Republican
• 10. Frank W. Wheeler (1853-1921), Republican
• 11. Samuel M. Stephenson (1831-1907), Republican

Minnesota

• 1. Mark H. Dunnell (1823-1904), Republican
• 2. John Lind (1854-1930), Republican
• 3. Darwin S. Hall (1844-1919), Republican
• 4. Samuel P. Snider (1845-1928), Republican
• 5. Solomon G. Comstock (1842-1933), Republican

Mississippi

• 1. John M. Allen (1846-1917), Democratic
• 2. James B. Morgan (1833-1892), Democratic
• 3. Thomas C. Catchings (1847-1927), Democratic
• 4. Clarke Lewis (1840-1896), Democratic
• 5. Chapman L. Anderson (1845-1924), Democratic
• 6. Thomas R. Stockdale (1828-1899), Democratic
• 7. Charles E. Hooker (1825-1914), Democratic

Missouri

• 1. William H. Hatch (1833-1896), Democratic
• 2. Charles H. Mansur (1835-1895), Democratic
• 3. Alexander M. Dockery (1845-1926), Democratic
• 4. Robert P.C. Wilson (1834-1916), Democratic
• 5. John C. Tarsney (1845-1920), Democratic
• 6. John T. Heard (1840-1927), Democratic
• 7. Richard H. Norton (1849-1918), Democratic
• 8. Frederick G. Niedringhaus (1837-1922), Republican
• 9. Nathan Frank (1852-1931), Republican
• 10. William M. Kinsey (1846-1931), Republican
• 11. Richard P. Bland (1835-1899), Democratic
• 12. William J. Stone (1848-1918), Democratic
• 13. William H. Wade (1835-1911), Republican
• 14. James P. Walker (1851-1890), Democratic ...died in office July 20, 1890.

  Robert H. Whitelaw (1854-1937), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.

Montana

• A/L. Thomas H. Carter (1854-1911), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Nebraska

• 1. William J. Connell (1846-1924), Republican
• 2. James Laird (1849-1899), Republican ...died August 17, 1889, before Congress assembled.

  Gilbert L. Laws (1838-1907), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 3. George W.E. Dorsey (1842-1911), Republican

Nevada

• A/L. Horace F. Bartine (1848-1918), Republican

New Hampshire

• 1. Alonzo Nute (1826-1892), Republican
• 2. Orren C. Moore (1839-1893), Republican

New Jersey

• 1. Christopher A. Bergen (1841-1905), Republican
• 2. James Buchanan (1839-1900), Republican
• 3. Jacob A. Geissenhainer (1839-1917), Democratic
• 4. Samuel Fowler (1851-1919), Democratic
• 5. Charles D. Beckwith (1838-1921), Republican
• 6. Herman Lehlbach (1845-1904), Republican
• 7. William McAdoo (1853-1930), Democratic

New York

• 1. James W. Covert (1842-1910), Democratic
• 2. Felix Campbell (1829-1902), Democratic
• 3. William C. Wallace (1856-1901), Republican
• 4. John M. Clancy (1837-1903), Democratic
• 5. Thomas F. Magner (1860-1945) , Democratic
• 6. Frank T. Fitzgerald (1857-1907), Democratic ...resigned November 4, 1889.

  Charles H. Turner (1861-1913), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1889.

• 7. Edward J. Dunphy (1856-1926), Democratic
• 8. John H. McCarthy (1850-1908), Democratic ...resigned January 14, 1891.
• 9. Samuel S. Cox (1824-1899), Democratic ...died September 10, 1889, before Congress assembled.

  Amos J. Cummings (1841-1902), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 10. Francis B. Spinola (1821-1891), Democratic
• 11. John Quinn (1839-1903), Democratic
• 12. Roswell P. Flower (1835-1899), Democratic
• 13. Ashbel P. Fitch (1848-1904), Democratic
• 14. William G. Stahlnecker (1849-1902), Democratic
• 15. Moses D. Stivers (1828-1895), Republican
• 16. John H. Ketcham (1832-1906), Republican
• 17. Charles J. Knapp (1845-1916), Republican
• 18. John A. Quackenbush (1828-1908), Republican
• 19. Charles Tracey (1847-1905), Democratic
• 20. John Sanford (1851-1939), Republican
• 21. John H. Moffitt (1843-1926), Republican
• 22. Frederick Lansing (1838-1894), Republican
• 23. James S. Sherman (1855-1912), Republican
• 24. David Wilber (1820-1890), Republican ...died in office April 1, 1890.

  John S. Pindar (1835-1907), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.

• 25. James J. Belden (1825-1904), Republican
• 26. Milton De Lano (1844-1922), Republican
• 27. Newton W. Nutting (1840-1899), Republican ...died October 15, 1889, before Congress assembled.

  Sereno E. Payne (1843-1914), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

• 28. Thomas S. Flood (1844-1908), Republican
• 29. John Raines (1840-1909), Republican
• 30. Charles S. Baker (1839-1902), Republican
• 31. John G. Sawyer (1825-1898), Republican
• 32. John M. Farquhar (1832-1918), Republican
• 33. John M. Wiley (1846-1912), Democratic
• 34. William G. Laidlaw (1840-1908), Republican

North Carolina

• 1. Thomas G. Skinner (1842-1907), Democratic
• 2. Henry P. Cheatham (1857-1935), Republican
• 3. Charles W. McClammy (1839-1896), Democratic
• 4. Benjamin H. Bunn (1844-1907), Democratic
• 5. John M. Brower (1845-1913), Republican
• 6. Alfred Rowland (1844-1898), Democratic
• 7. John S. Henderson (1846-1916), Democratic
• 8. William H.H. Cowles (1840-1901), Democratic
• 9. Hamilton G. Ewart (1849-1918), Republican

North Dakota

• A/L. Henry C. Hansbrough (1848-1933), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Ohio

• 1. Benjamin Butterworth (1837-1898), Republican
• 2. John A. Caldwell (1852-1927), Republican
• 3. Elihu S. Williams (1835-1903), Republican
• 4. Samuel S. Yoder (1841-1921), Democratic
• 5. George E. Seney (1832-1905), Democratic
• 6. Melvin M. Boothman (1846-1904), Republican
• 7. Henry Lee Morey (1841-1902), Republican
• 8. Robert P. Kennedy (1840-1918), Republican
• 9. William C. Cooper (1832-1902), Republican
• 10. William E. Haynes (1829-1914), Democratic
• 11. Albert C. Thompson (1842-1910), Republican
• 12. Jacob J. Pugsley (1838-1920), Republican
• 13. Joseph H. Outhwaite (1841-1907), Democratic
• 14. Charles P. Wickham (1836-1925), Republican
• 15. Charles H. Grosvenor (1833-1917), Republican
• 16. James W. Owens (1837-1900), Democratic
• 17. Joseph D. Taylor (1830-1899), Republican
• 18. William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901), Republican
• 19. Ezra B. Taylor (1823-1912), Republican
• 20. Martin L. Smyser (1851-1908), Republican
• 21. Theodore E. Burton (1851-1929), Republican

Oregon

• A/L. Binger Hermann (1843-1926), Republican

Pennsylvania

• 1. Henry H. Bingham (1841-1912), Republican
• 2. Charles O'Neill (1821-1893), Republican
• 3. Samuel J. Randall (1828-1890), Democratic ...died in office April 13, 1890.

  Richard Vaux (1816-1895), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 28, 1890.

• 4. William D. Kelley (1814-1890), Republican ...died in office January 9, 1890.

  John E. Reyburn (1845-1914), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 24, 1890.

• 5. Alfred C. Harmer (1825-1900), Republican
• 6. Smedley Darlington (1827-1899), Republican
• 7. Robert M. Yardley (1850-1902), Republican
• 8. William Mutchler (1831-1893), Democratic
• 9. David B. Brunner (1835-1903), Democratic
• 10. Marriott Brosius (1843-1901), Republican
• 11. Joseph A. Scranton (1838-1908), Republican
• 12. Edwin S. Osborne (1839-1900), Republican
• 13. James B. Reilly (1845-1924), Democratic
• 14. John W. Rife (1846-1908), Republican
• 15. Myron B. Wright (1847-1894), Republican
• 16. Henry C. McCormick (1844-1902), Republican
• 17. Charles R. Buckalew (1821-1899), Democratic
• 18. Louis E. Atkinson (1841-1910), Republican
• 19. Levi Maish (1837-1899), Democratic
• 20. Edward Scull (1818-1900), Republican
• 21. Samuel A. Craig (1839-1920), Republican
• 22. John Dalzell (1845-1927), Republican
• 23. Thomas M. Bayne (1836-1894), Republican
• 24. Joseph W. Ray (1849-1928), Republican
• 25. Charles C. Townsend (1841-1910), Republican
• 26. William C. Culbertson (1825-1906), Republican
• 27. Lewis F. Watson (1819-1890), Republican ...died in office August 25, 1890.

  Charles W. Stone (1843-1912), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.

• 28. James Kerr (1851-1908), Democratic

Rhode Island

• 1. Henry J. Spooner (1839-1918), Republican
• 2. Warren O. Arnold (1839-1910), Republican

South Carolina

• 1. Samuel Dibble (1837-1913), Democratic
• 2. George D. Tillman (1826-1902), Democratic
• 3. James S. Cothran (1830-1897), Democratic
• 4. William H. Perry (1839-1902), Democratic
• 5. John J. Hemphill (1849-1912), Democratic
• 6. George W. Dargan (1841-1898), Democratic
• 7. William Elliott (1838-1907), Democratic …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.

  Thomas E. Miller (1849-1938), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 24, 1890.

South Dakota

• 1. Oscar S. Gifford (1842-1913), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
• 2. John A. Pickler (1844-1910), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Tennessee

• 1. Alfred A. Taylor (1848-1931), Republican
• 2. Leonidas C. Houk (1836-1891), Republican
• 3. Henry C. Evans (1843-1921), Republican
• 4. Benton McMillin (1845-1933), Democratic
• 5. James D. Richardson (1843-1914), Democratic
• 6. Joseph E. Washington (1851-1915), Democratic
• 7. Washington C. Whitthorne (1825-1891), Democratic
• 8. Benjamin A. Enloe (1848-1922), Democratic
• 9. Rice A. Pierce (1848-1936), Democratic
• 10. James Phelan (1856-1891), Democratic ...died in office January 30, 1891.

Texas

• 1. Charles Stewart (1836-1895), Democratic
• 2. William H. Martin (1823-1898), Democratic
• 3. Constantine B. Kilgore (1835-1897), Democratic
• 4. David B. Culberson (1830-1900), Democratic
• 5. Silas Hare (1827-1907), Democratic
• 6. Joseph Abbott (1840-1908), Democratic
• 7. William H. Crain (1848-1896), Democratic
• 8. Littleton W. Moore (1835-1911), Democratic
• 9. Roger Q. Mills (1832-1911), Democratic
• 10. Joseph D. Sayers (1841-1929), Democratic
• 11. Samuel W.T. Lanham (1846-1908), Democratic

Vermont

• 1. John W. Stewart (1825-1915), Republican
• 2. William W. Grout (1836-1902), Republican

Virginia

• 1. Thomas H. B. Browne (1844-1892), Republican
• 2. George E. Bowden (1852-1908), Republican
• 3. George D. Wise (1831-1898), Democratic ...contested election, served until April 10, 1890.

  Edmund Waddill, Jr. (1855-1931), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated April 12, 1890.

• 4. Edward C. Venable (1853-1908), Democratic …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.

  John M. Langston (1829-1897), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 23, 1890.

• 5. Posey G. Lester (1850-1929), Democratic
• 6. Paul C. Edmunds (1836-1899), Democratic
• 7. Charles T. O'Ferrall (1840-1905), Democratic
• 8. William H.F. Lee (1837-1891), Democratic
• 9. John A. Buchanan (1843-1921), Democratic
• 10. Henry S. Tucker (1853-1932), Democratic

Washington

• A/L. John L. Wilson (1850-1912), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

West Virginia

• 1. John O. Pendleton (1851-1916), Democratic …contested election, served until February 26, 1890.

  George W. Atkinson (1845-1925), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 26, 1890.

• 2. William L. Wilson (1843-1900), Democratic
• 3. John D. Alderson (1854-1910), Democratic
• 4. James M. Jackson (1825-1901), Democratic …contested election, served until February 3, 1890.

  Charles B. Smith (1844-1899), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 3, 1890.

Wisconsin

• 1. Lucien B. Caswell (1827-1919), Republican
• 2. Charles Barwig (1837-1912), Democratic
• 3. Robert M. La Follette, Jr. (1855-1925), Republican
• 4. Isaac W. Van Schaick (1817-1901), Republican
• 5. George H. Brickner (1834-1904), Democratic
• 6. Charles B. Clark (1844-1891), Republican
• 7. Ormsby B. Thomas (1832-1904), Republican
• 8. Nils P. Haugen (1849-1931), Republican
• 9. Myron H. McCord (1840-1908), Republican

Wyoming

• A/L. Clarence D. Clark (1851-1930), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

[edit] Delegates

• Arizona Territory
  • Marcus A. Smith, Democratic

• Dakota Territory
  • George A. Mathews, Republican

…admitted as a two states November 2, 1889.

• Idaho Territory
  • Fred T. Dubois, Republican

…admitted as a state July 3, 1889.

• Montana Territory
  • Thomas H. Carter, Republican

…admitted as a state November 8, 1889

• New Mexico Territory
  • Antonio Joseph, Democratic
• Oklahoma Territory
  • David A. Harvey, Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890

• Utah Territory
  • John T. Caine, Democratic
• Washington Territory
  • John B. Allen, Republican

…admitted as a state November 11, 1889

• Wyoming Territory
  • Joseph M. Carey, Republican

…admitted as a state July 10, 1890

[edit] Membership Changes

[edit] Senate

[edit] House of Representatives

[edit] Officers

[edit] Senate

• Secretary of the Senate:
  • Anson G. McCook of New York, elected December 18, 1883.
• Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
  • William P. Canady of North Carolina, elected December 18, 1883.
  • Edward K. Valentine of Nebraska, elected June 30, 1890.
• Chaplain of the Senate
  • The Rev. John G. Butler, Lutheran, elected March 15, 1886.

[edit] House of Representatives

• Clerk of the House:
  • Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected December 2, 1889.
• Sergeant at Arms of the House:
  • Adoniram J. Holmes of Iowa, elected December 2, 1889.
• Doorkeeper of the House:
  • Charles E. Adams of Maryland, elected December 2, 1889.
• Postmaster of the House:
  • James L. Wheat of Wisconsin, elected December 2, 1889, resigned October 1, 1890.
  • James W. Hathaway of Montana, elected [[December 15], 1890.
• Clerk at the Speaker’s Table:
  • Nathaniel T. Crutchfield
  • Edward F. Goodwin
• Chaplain of the House
  • The Rev. William H. Milburn, Methodist, elected December 2, 1889.

[edit] Other

• Architect of the Capitol:
  • Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865.

[edit] References

• Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. 0-06-088434-7.
• U.S. Congress (2005). Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
• U.S. House of Representatives (2006). Congressional History. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
• U.S. Senate (2006). Statistics and Lists. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.

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