April 20
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April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). There are 255 days remaining.
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[edit] Events
- 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is insititued by Pope Boniface VIII.
- 1534 - Jacques Cartier begins his voyage, in which he will discover Canada and Labrador.
- 1653 - Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament.
- 1657
- Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish silver fleet under heavy fire at Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
- Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City).
- 1689 - The former King James II of England, now deposed, lays siege to Derry.
- 1770 - Lieutenant James Cook's expedition (first voyage) makes first sighting of eastern Australian coastline, naming the spot Cape Hicks. His logbook recorded the date as April 19, but the 20th was the actual calendar date.
- 1775 - American Revolutionary War: the siege of Boston begins, which followed the first battles at and Concord">Lexington and Concord.
- 1792 - France declares war on Austria, the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars.
- 1810 - The Governors of Caracas declares the national sovereignty from Spain.
- 1836 - U.S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory.
- 1861 - American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.
- 1862 - The first pasteurization test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard.
- 1871 - Civil Rights Act of 1871
- 1876 - The April Uprising breaks out in Bulgaria.
- 1884 - Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical, Humanum Genus..
- 1902 - Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride.
- 1908 - Opening day of competition of the New South Wales Rugby League.
- 1912 - Opening day for baseball stadiums Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan, and Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
- 1914 - Seventeen men, women, and children die in the Ludlow Massacre during a bitter Colorado coal-miner's strike.
- 1918 - Manfred von Richthofen, aka The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims marking his final victories before his death the following day.
- 1926 - Western Electric and Warner Bros. announce Vitaphone, a process to add sound to film.
- 1928 - René Caillié is first non-Muslim to enter in Timbouctou.
- 1939 - Boston Red Sox Hall-of-Fame outfielder, Ted Williams, makes his Major League debut at Fenway Park; Boston, Massachusetts.
- 1945 - US troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union.
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- 1953 - Project BLUEBIRD turns into Project MKULTRA.
- 1960 - Inauguration of Brasilia.
- 1961 - Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US troops against Cuba.
- 1964 - BBC Two launches with the power cut because of the fire at Battersea Power Station.
- 1967 - A Swiss Britannia turboprop crashes at Toronto, Canada, killing 126.
- 1968 - A South African Airways Boeing 707 crashes during takeoff at Windhoek, South-West Africa, killing 122.
- 1968 - English politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial Rivers of Blood speech.
- 1972 - Apollo 16 lands on the Moon.
- 1978 - Korean Air Flight 902 shot down by Soviets.
- 1985 - and Firearms">ATF raid on and the Arm of the Lord">The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord compound in northern Arkansas.
- 1986 - Pianist Vladimir Horowitz performed in his native Russia for the first time in 61 years. The concert was viewed by millions on television.
- 1998
- TAME Boeing 727-200 chartered by Air France crashes into Cerro El Cable mountain after takeoff from Bogotá, Colombia, killing 53.
- German terrorist group Red Army Faction announces their dissolution after 28 years.
- 1999 - and Dylan Klebold">Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 12 students and a teacher before killing themselves in the Columbine High School massacre.
- 1999 - Largest bombing of Kosovo by the United States in the Kosovo War.
- 2004 - In Iraq, 12 mortars are fired on Abu Ghraib Prison by insurgents, killing 22 detainees and wounding 92.
[edit] Births
- 570 - Muhammad (possible date of birth), Prophet of Islam (d. 632)
- 702 - Jafar Sadiq, Muslim scholar (d. 765)
- 1494 - Johannes Agricola, German Protestant reformer (d. 1566)
- 1586 - Saint Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (d. 1617)
- 1633 - Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (d. 1654)
- 1650 - William Bedloe, English informer (d. 1680)
- 1668 - Yuri Troubetzkoy, Governor of Belgorod (d. 1739)
- 1718 - David Brainerd, American missionary (d. 1747)
- 1723 - Cornelius Harnett, American delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1781)
- 1745 - Philippe Pinel, French physician (d. 1826)
- 1802 - Alan Campbell Palmer, Maine Legislator (d. 1852)
- 1808 - Emperor Napoleon III of France (d. 1873)
- 1818 - Heinrich Göbel, German-born inventor (d. 1893)
- 1850 - Daniel Chester French, American sculptor (d. 1931)
- 1851 - Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (d. 1875)
- 1870 - Maulvi Abdul Haq, Father of Urdu, Pakistani scholar (d.1961)
- 1879 - Paul Poiret, French couturier (d. 1944)
- 1882 - Holland Smith, U.S. General (d. 1967)
- 1889 - Albert Jean Amateau, Turkish-born businessman and social activist (d. 1996)
- 1889 - Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born German dictator (d. 1945)
- 1890 - Maurice Duplessis, premier of Québec, known as "Le Chef" (d. 1959)
- 1891 - Caresse Crosby, American poet (d. 1970)
- 1893 - Harold Lloyd, American actor (d. 1971)
- 1893 - Joan Miró, Catalan painter (d. 1983)
- 1895 - Emile Christian, American musician (d. 1973)
- 1896 - Wop May, Canadian aviator (d. 1952)
- 1904 - Bruce Cabot, American actor (d. 1972)
- 1904 - George Stibitz, American scientist (d. 1995)
- 1908 - Lionel Hampton, American musician (d. 2002)
- 1914 - Betty Lou Gerson, American actress (d. 1999)
- 1915 - Joseph Wolpe, South African-born psychotherapist (d. 1997)
- 1918 - Edward L. Beach, Jr., American naval officer, author (d. 2002)
- 1918 - Kai Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1920 - John Paul Stevens, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
- 1920 - Ronald Speirs, WWII Veteran
- 1923 - Mother Angelica, American nun and broadcaster
- 1923 - Tito Puente, American musician (d. 2000)
- 1925 - Ernie Stautner, German-born American football player (d. 2006)
- 1927 - Karl Alexander Müller, Swiss physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1928 - Gerald S. Hawkins, English astronomer (d. 2003)
- 1939 - Peter S. Beagle, American author
- 1939 - Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
- 1940 - George Takei, American actor
- 1941 - Ryan O'Neal, American actor
- 1943 - John Eliot Gardiner, English conductor
- 1943 - Edie Sedgwick, American actress (d. 1971)
- 1945 - Michael Brandon, American Actor
- 1945 - Steve Spurrier, American football player and coach
- 1947 - Björn Skifs, Swedish singer (Blue Swede)
- 1948 - Craig Frost, American musician (Grand Funk & Bob Seger)
- 1949 - Massimo D'Alema, Prime Minister of Italy
- 1949 - Toller Cranston, Canadian figure skater and artist
- 1949 - Jessica Lange, American actress
- 1950 - Veronica Cartwright, American actress
- 1950 - Steve Erickson, American novelist
- 1950 - Aleksandr Lebed, Russian general, politician (d. 2002)
- 1951 - Luther Vandross, American singer (d. 2005)
- 1957 - Geraint Wyn Davies, American actor
- 1961 - Don Mattingly, baseball player
- 1963 - Mauricio Gugelmin, Brazilian racing driver
- 1964 - Crispin Glover, American actor
- 1964 - Andy Serkis, English actor
- 1964 - Rosalynn Sumners, American figure skater
- 1965 - Ralph Cirella, stylist and friend of Howard Stern
- 1965 - Adrian Fernández, Mexican racing driver
- 1967 - Raymond van Barneveld, Dutch darts player
- 1967 - Mike Portnoy, American drummer (Dream Theater)
- 1967 - Lara Jill Miller, American actress
- 1971 - Carla Geurts, Dutch swimmer
- 1971 - Allan Houston, Basketball player
- 1972 - Carmen Electra, American actress
- 1972 - Le Huynh Đuc, Vietnamese footballer
- 1976 - Joey Lawrence, American actor
- 1976 - Shay Given, Irish footballer
- 1980 - Jasmin Wagner, German singer
- 1985 - Tony Craig, English Footballer
[edit] Deaths
- 1176 - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English soldier (b. 1130)
- 1314 - Pope Clement V (b. 1264)
- 1521 - Zhengde, Emperor of China (b. 1491)
- 1534 - Elizabeth Barton, English nun (executed)
- 1558 - Johannes Bugenhagen, German reformer (b. 1485)
- 1643 - Christoph Demantius, German composer (b. 1567)
- 1703 - Lancelot Addison, English royal chaplain (b. 1632)
- 1765 - Abigail Williams, American accuser in the Salem witch trials (b. 1674)
- 1769 - Pontiac, Chief of the Ottawa
- 1831 - John Abernethy, English surgeon (b. 1764)
- 1887 - Muhammad Sharif Pasha, Egyptian statesman (b. 1826)
- 1873 - William Tite, English architect (b. 1798)
- 1899 - Joseph Wolf, German artist (b. 1820)
- 1912 - Bram Stoker, Irish author (b. 1847)
- 1918 - Karl Ferdinand Braun, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1850)
- 1932 - Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician (b. 1858)
- 1947 - King Christian X of Denmark (b. 1870)
- 1951 - Ivanoe Bonomi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1873)
- 1964 - Eddie Dyer, baseball player (b. 1899)
- 1982 - Archibald MacLeish, American poet and Librarian of Congress (b. 1892)
- 1984 - Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian mountaineer (b. 1943)
- 1986 - Sibte Hassan, Pakistani activist, journalist and writer (b. 1916)
- 1989 - Doru Davidovici, Romanian writer and Fighter Pilot (b. 1945)
- 1991 - Steve Marriott, British musician and actor (b. 1945)
- 1991 - Don Siegel, American film director (b. 1912)
- 1992 - Benny Hill, British comedian (b. 1924)
- 1993 - Cantinflas, Mexican comedian and actor (b. 1911)
- 1994 - Jean Carmet, French actor (b. 1920)
- 1996 - Christopher Robin Milne, son of A.A. Milne (b. 1920)
- 1999 - Victims of the Columbine High School massacre
- 1999 - Rick Rude, American professional wrestler (b. 1958)
- 1999 - Señor Wences, Spanish ventriloquist and comedian (b. 1896)
- 2001 - Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1946)
- 2002 - Alan Dale, American singer (b. 1925)
- 2003 - and actress)">Ruth Hale, American playwright and actress (b. 1908)
- 2003 - Bernard Katz, German-born biophysicist, recipient of the or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Fumio Niwa, Japanese novelist (b. 1904)
- 2005 - Zygfryd Blaut, Polish football player (b. 1943)
- 2006 - Anna Svidersky, Vancouver, Washington murder victim (b. 1988)
[ and observances">edit] Holidays and observances
- April 20 (4/20) is associated with 420 (cannabis culture).
- Islam - Muhammad's Birthday observed in (2004)
- Astrology: First day of sun sign Taurus.
- Festival of Matsu, Southeast Asia (2006).
- Ridván begins at sunset (Bahá'í Faith).
[edit] Liturgical feasts
- Saint Marcellinus
- Saint Theotimus (died 407)
- Saint Victor (d. 303)
- Blessed Oda (d. 1158)
[edit] External links
April 19 - April 21 - March 20 - May 20 – listing of all days
