澳洲航空

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澳洲航空

IATA QF	ICAO QFA	呼号 Qantas
成立于		1920年
枢纽		京斯福特·史密斯機場(Kingsford Smith International Airport) 墨爾本機場新加坡樟宜機場
重点城市/ 第二枢纽		珀斯機場布里斯本機場阿德萊德國際機場香港國際機場
飞行常客计划/ 里程奖励计划		Frequent Flyer
会员贵宾室		Qantas Club
联盟		寰宇一家
机队数量		201
通航城市		145（39個國家）
母公司		{{{parent}}}
总部		澳洲新南威爾士省悉尼
重要人物		Geoff Dixon (CEO) 莊敏幗（主席）
网站: http://www.qantas.com.au

澳洲航空 (Qantas)（簡稱：澳航）是澳大利亞最大型及歷史最悠久的航空公司，同時也是全球歷史第三悠長的，在荷蘭國營的KLM 荷兰皇家航空及哥倫比亞的Avianca航空之後。Qantas此名稱原為"Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services"的首字母縮寫。澳航現時由莊敏幗出任公司主席。

澳洲航空波音747-400客機

[编辑] 歷史

1920年11月16号,澳航的前身昆士兰和北领地航空服务有限公司成立,在运作初期为澳洲政府提供空运邮件服务.在1934年,澳航和英国航空组成新的澳洲帝国航空公司双方各持有49%的股份,另外2%属于单独持股人.

澳洲帝国航空公司使用DH-86机型开始了新加坡和布里斯班之间的飞行服务.另外帝国航空还提供了飞往伦敦的班机服务.在1938年,这个航线开始使用S.23帝国飞艇进行服务.因为从悉尼到南安普顿的航线需要9天,导致乘客需要在中途的HOTEL中过夜.从1938年到1945年的2战期间,澳洲政府派出的帝国航空飞行中队中有很多飞机在飞行中失事.从1934年到1944年帝国航空提供从珀斯到斯里南卡的不停息服务,在飞行途中,全程超过24个小时并且全程保持无线电静默.

After World War II, QEA Limited was in dire financial straits and was taken over by the Australian Labor government led by Prime Minister Ben Chifley. It remained an unlisted public company with the government holding 100 % of the shares. In 1967, the name was changed to Qantas Airways Limited. Subsequent conservative governments maintained this arrangement.

Immediately after World War II, Qantas began operating Avro Lancastrian aircraft between Sydney and London in cooperation with British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC). In 1948, the airline took delivery of Lockheed L.049 Constellations. The network was expanded across the Pacific in 1954 when Qantas took over the operations of British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines (BCPA).

By the 1960s, Qantas was operating round-the-world services from Australia to London via Asia and the Middle East and via the USA and Mexico. Many of these routes were dropped in the 1970s following the airline slump after wide-body aircraft were introduced. Qantas was privatised in 1995 by Prime Minister Paul Keating's Labor government.

In 1990, Qantas established Australia Asia Airlines to operate services to Taiwan. Several Boeing 747SP and 767 aircraft were transferred from Qantas service. The airline ceased operations in 1996.

Since the merger with Australian Airlines in 1993, Qantas has flown an extensive schedule between all Australian capital cities, as well as many regional cities and towns. It also flies many international routes to and from Australia.

一架澳航波音747-438客機於倫敦希斯路機場附近低飛經過

Qantas has a reputation for being an aggressive competitor in the Australian aviation market. Over the years, several domestic Australian airlines have gone out of business amid complaints of anti-competitive pricing by Qantas and exorbitant prices on new non-competed routes. After September 2001 and the collapse of Ansett Australia, Qantas held a near-monopoly on the Australian domestic air travel market. The introduction of Virgin Blue, a cut-price competitor, has taken up the market share previously held by Ansett. Qantas has responded by creating a new cut-price subsidiary airline Jetstar in the hopes that this move will "crowd out" the cut-price segment of the market, allowing Qantas to remain the superdominant player in the Australian domestic aviation market and one of the few profitable full-service airlines in the world. Prior to Jetstar, Qantas had also developed a full-service all economy international carrier focussed on the holiday and leisure market, which had taken on the formerly used Australian Airlines name. This airline will cease operating its own liveried aircraft in July 2006, the assets being absorbed back into the parent company. However, Australian Airlines will continue to exist as a "wet lease" company, operating and crewing QANTAS aircraft on QANTAS routes.

On 13 December 2004, the first flight of Jetstar Asia Airways took off from its Singapore hub to Hong Kong, marking Qantas' entry into the Asian cut-price market, and its intentions in battling key competitor Singapore Airlines on its home ground. Qantas is already the second-largest airline operating out of Singapore Changi Airport, while Singapore Airlines is the second-largest operator of international flights into and out of Australia.

Qantas has also expanded into the New Zealand domestic air travel market, firstly with a shareholding in Air New Zealand and then with a franchise takeover of Ansett New Zealand. It now wholly owns and operates JetConnect which operates NZ domestic services under the Qantas brand. In 2003, Qantas attempted and failed to obtain regulatory approval to purchase a larger (but still minority) stake in Air New Zealand. Subsequently Qantas stepped up competition on the trans-Tasman routes, recently introducing Jetstar to New Zealand.

In 1993, British Airways bought a 25 % share in Qantas for A$665m. In September 2004, British Airways disposed of its share in Qantas, expected to amount to A$1.1bn. British Airways' original 25% share had been diluted to 18.5% by the issue of more shares. By law, Qantas must be at least 51% Australian-owned, and the British Airways holding had brought foreign ownership to the maximum permissible level. Commentators believe the sale, and resultant greater Australian ownership, will free up hurdles for Qantas to expand into Asia.

Qantas owns the rights for entertainemnt from the Nine Network, TCN-9 & GTV-9

Qantas is responsible for some of the most successful marketing campaigns in Australian history, with many advertising campaigns featuring renditions by children's choirs of Peter Allen's "I Still Call Australia Home," set to footage of breathtaking scenery. For American television audiences, however, the mascot was an Australian koala, who of all things detested Qantas Airlines (his key tagline: "I hate Qantas").

In 2005, the first visit of an Airbus A380 to Australia coincided with Qantas's 85th birthday. Today, Qantas is widely regarded as one of the world's leading long distance airlines.

[编辑] 事件及意外

On 26 May 1971 Qantas received a call from a "Mr Brown" claiming that there was a bomb planted on a Hong Kong-bound jet and that he wanted $500,000. Arrangements were made to pick up the money from the head office of the airline in the heart of the Sydney business district. After Qantas paid the money and it was safely collected, Mr Brown called again, advising the bomb story was a hoax. The initial pursuit of the perpetrator was bungled by the NSW Police who despite having been advised of the matter from the time of the first call failed to establish adequate surveillance of the pick up of the money. Tipped off by a car dealer who had received a large amount of cash from a purchaser, the police eventually arrested down an Englishman, Peter Macari, finding more than $138,000 hidden in an Annandale property. Convicted and sentenced to 15 years' jail, Macari served nine years before being deported to England.
It is often claimed, most notably in the 1988 movie Rain Man, that Qantas has never had a fatal crash. However, the company's official line is that it has never lost a "jet" aircraft. Prior to the jet era, Qantas had fatal crashes. One was on 16 July 1951, when De Havilland Drover VH-EBQ crashed in New Guinea after an engine failure, killing all seven passengers and crew. Other fatal accidents occurred in 1927, 1934, 1942, 1943 (×2), and 1944.
Qantas' record in the jet era was spotless until Boeing 747-400 VH-OJH, carrying 407 passengers and crew, over-ran the runway by 220 metres, ending up in a golf course, while landing in a rainstorm at Bangkok on 23 September 1999. [1] There were no fatalities; however, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau criticised numerous inadequacies in Qantas' operational and training processes. [2] Repairs to the nine-year-old aircraft were undertaken in Bangkok and China at a cost in excess of A$100 million, believed to be the most expensive in history. The aircraft had suffered extensive damage to landing gear, engines and engine pylons and the front fuselage and it was widely suggested at the time that it should have been written-off. Qantas denied that pressure had been applied to insurers to avoid a hull-loss being recorded so that the airline's safety record would remain intact. The following year 747-300 VH-EBW was damaged when its landing gear collapsed while taxiing at Rome. It also returned to service after repairs.
On 21 August 2005, an incident occurred involving Qantas Airbus A330-300 VH-QPE with 178 passengers and 13 crew aboard. The aircraft made an emergency landing at Kansai Airport in Osaka, Japan after an indication of smoke in the cargo hold. The Osaka Control Tower reported seeing smoke on landing, so an emergency evacuation was declared as a precaution and emergency slides were deployed. Nine passengers were injured and hospitalised. Subsequent investigation found no sign of smoke or fire, and it is believed that the cargo fire sensors were faulty. The aircraft was only 15 months old at the time of the incident.

On 2 February 2006, a Qantas Boeing 767-300ER VH-OGH, carrying 155 passengers and 11 crew, and a United Airlines 747-400, carrying 99 passengers and 14 crew, were involved in a collision while on the runway at Melbourne Airport. The Qantas aircraft sustained damage to a horizontal stabiliser while the United aircraft damaged a wingtip. United released a statement saying its flight 840 from Melbourne to Los Angeles "reported a wingtip touch with a Qantas aircraft as it taxied". No passengers were injured in the incident. [3]

[编辑] 目的地

詳見：澳洲航空航線

[编辑] 機隊

澳洲航空波音737-400客機

2006年4月，澳洲航空機隊包括：

4架空中巴士A330-201 (VH-EBA 至 VH-EBD)
10架空中巴士A330-303 (VH-QPA 至 VH-QPJ)
21架波音737-400（包括1架波音737-4L7 及 20架前澳亞航空波音737-476）(VH-TJE 至 VH-TJU 及 VH-TJW 至 VH-TJZ)
33架波音737-838 (VH-VXA 至 VH-VXU 及 VH-VYA 至 VH-VYL)
6架波音747-338 (VH-EBT 至 VH-EBY)
30架波音747-400 包括:
- 21架波音747-438，裝配勞斯萊斯RB211引擎 (VH-OJA 至 VH-OJU)
- 6架波音747-438ER (VH-OEE 至 VH-OEJ)
- 2架波音747-4H6，購至馬來西亞航空 (VH-OEC/D)
- 1架波音747-48E，購至前澳亞航空，裝配通用電氣CF6引擎 (VH-OEB)
24架波音767-300 包括：
- 17架波音767-338ER，裝配通用電氣CF6引擎 (VH-OGA 至 VH-OGH 及 VH-OGM 至 VH-OGU)
- 5架波音767-336ER，裝配勞斯萊斯RB211引擎 (VH-ZXB/C/D/F/G)
- 2架波音767-336，裝配勞斯萊斯RB211引擎 (VH-ZXA/E)

Image:Qantas A380.png

澳航空中巴士A380-800客機

2006年4月，澳洲航空機隊平均機齡為9.4年。

澳洲航空訂購了12架空中巴士A380-800，並選擇購買另外10架。澳航將於2007年4月接收其第一架空中巴士A380，成為繼新加坡航空公司後第二間接收空中巴士A380的航空公司。澳航旗下的空中巴士A380使用三級客艙佈局，為其國際航線提供501個座位，預期新的空中巴士A380內部將會有新的座椅設計、特別休憩地方、AVOD、互聯網設施和更大型的電視屏幕。澳航傾向利用首4架空中巴士A380於跨太平洋航線，即由墨爾本和悉尼往洛杉磯的航線，其次接收的飛機則用於來往倫敦和澳洲（途經曼谷、香港及新加坡）的航線（參考：2005年3月之Airliner World）。澳航亦會營運世上最長途的500座位級客運服務，來往墨爾本及洛杉磯（12,749公里），為民航歷史寫下新的一頁。

澳航波音787-8客機

2005年12月14日，澳航宣佈訂購45架波音787客機，並選擇購買20架及有權再買50架。[4] 新訂購的飛機為787-8 型及787-9 型。這項消息是波音公司和空中巴士長期爭相達到航空公司的機隊更新和將來航線的需求後公佈的。第一架波音787將於2008年付運，787-9 型則於2011年起付運。雖然噢航沒有選擇購買波音777-200LR，但相傳澳航仍正研究購買能不停站直飛倫敦至悉尼的飛機。

[编辑] 航班編號

以下為澳洲航空於2006年使用中的國際航班編號、出發地/目的地和班次：

航班編號（由澳洲出發）	航班編號（前往澳洲）	出發地	途徑	目的地	備註
QF1	QF2	悉尼	曼谷	倫敦希斯路機場	每日。被稱為“袋鼠航線”(Kangaroo route)。
QF3	QF4	悉尼		檀香山	每星期3日
QF5	QF6	悉尼	新加坡	法蘭克福	每日
QF7	QF8	悉尼		洛杉磯	每日
QF9	QF10	墨爾本	新加坡	倫敦希斯路機場	每日
QF11	QF12	悉尼		洛杉磯	每日
QF19	QF20	悉尼	布里斯班每星期1日	馬尼拉	每星期4日
QF21	QF22	悉尼		東京	每日
QF25	QF26	悉尼/ 墨爾本	奧克蘭	洛杉磯	每日
QF29	QF30	墨爾本	香港	倫敦希斯路機場	每日
QF31	QF32	悉尼	新加坡	倫敦希斯路機場	每日
QF37	QF38	墨爾本		威靈頓	每日
QF39	QF40	墨爾本		奧克蘭	每日
QF41	QF42	悉尼		雅加達	每星期3-4日
QF43	QF44	悉尼		奧克蘭	每日
QF45	QF46	悉尼		基督城	每日
QF47	QF48	悉尼		威靈頓	每日
	QF52	布里斯班		新加坡	每日
QF53	QF54	阿德萊德		奧克蘭	每星期3日
QF57	QF58	布里斯班		威靈頓	每星期2-3日
QF60		東京	開恩茲	悉尼	每日
QF63	QF64	悉尼		約翰尼斯堡	每星期5日
QF67	QF68	珀斯		香港	每星期3日
QF69		開恩茲		東京
QF71	QF72	珀斯		新加坡	每日
QF73	QF74	悉尼		三藩市	每星期3日
QF77	QF78	珀斯		新加坡	每日
QF79		珀斯		東京	每星期3日
QF81	QF82	悉尼、墨爾本	阿德萊德	新加坡	每星期2日從悉尼出發，每星期1日從阿德萊德出發。每星期2日往悉尼，每星期1日往墨爾本。
QF90		新卡裡多尼亞		布里斯班
QF91	QF92	悉尼		新卡裡多尼亞	每星期3日
QF93	QF94	墨爾本		洛杉磯	每日
QF97	QF98	布里斯班		香港
QF99		布里斯班		新卡裡多尼亞
QF107	QF108	悉尼	洛杉磯	紐約（甘迺迪國際機場）	每日來往洛杉磯，每星期5日來往紐約。
QF115	QF116	布里斯班		奧克蘭
QF117	QF118	悉尼		威靈頓	每日
QF119	QF120	悉尼		奧克蘭	每日
QF121	QF122	悉尼		皇后城（紐西蘭）	每星期1日
QF123	QF124	悉尼	達爾文（澳洲）	孟買	往孟買方向每星期3日途徑達爾文。往澳洲方向每星期1日伸延至墨爾本。
QF125	QF126	布里斯班		奧克蘭	每日
QF127		悉尼		香港	每日
QF129	QF130	悉尼		上海	每星期4日。往澳洲方向每星期1日伸延至墨爾本。
QF131	QF132	達爾文（澳洲）		巴里島	每日
QF134		奧克蘭		墨爾本	每星期6日
QF139	QF140	珀斯		雅加達
QF149	QF150	悉尼		洛杉磯	每星期3日
	QF164	悉尼		奧克蘭	每星期3日
QF167	QF168	悉尼	開恩茲	東京	每日
QF175	QF176	布里斯班		洛杉磯	每星期5日。每星期2日延伸至來往悉尼。
QF179	QF180	墨爾本		東京	每日
QF187	QF188	悉尼		香港	每日
QF189	QF190	悉尼		奧克蘭	每日
QF191	QF192	悉尼		北京	每星期3日，每星期1日由墨爾本出發。每日從北京出發。

[编辑] 外部連結

寰宇一家之成員航空公司
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