Photographie
Frae Wikipedia
Photographie is a wey o makin a picter uisin a camera. A bodie that maks picters uisin a camera is cried a photographer. A picter made uisin a camera is cried a photograph or photie.
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[edit] Camera
A camera is like a box wi a hole in the front. There is a byordinar bit o gless afore the hole cried a lens. Tae mak a photograph o somethin, the lens maks a wee picter o't inside the camera. The lens daes this by focusin licht. A lens in a camera warks like a lens in glesses (spectacles) or a magnifeein glass.
Tae mak a photograph wi a camera the shutter release button is pressed. Pressin the button opens the shutter. The shutter is like a door. It covers the hole in the camera box. The shutter is ahint the lens. Whan the shutter is closed nae licht can enter the camera box. Whan the shutter is open licht can enter the camera. Whan the button is pressed the shutter opens and then closes. This happens gey fest. The lenth o time the shutter steys open for is cried the shutter speed. The shutter speed can chynge atween 1/1000th o a seicond (0.001 s) tae a puckle seconds. Maistlins the time it taks for the shutter to open and close is far less than a seicond.
A camera haes an aperture ring forby. The aperture ring is ahint the lens, but afore the shutter. The purpose o the aperture ring is to control whitna licht enters the camera box. The aperture ring is a flat circle wi a smaa hole in the centre. The smaa hole is cried the aperture. The size o the aperture can be chynged. Whan the aperture is real smaa juist a bit o licht can enter the camera. Whan the aperture is lairge, lots o licht can get in.
[edit] Film
The picter the lens maks is recordit on photographic film. Film is pit intil the camera box. Licht comin thro the lens, aperture an open shutter shines on the film. Photographic film is coated wi chemicals that reack whan licht shines on it. Lattin licht shine on the film is cried exposin the film.
There's mony differin kinds o photographic film. There's films for takin colour photographs and films for takin black an white photographs. There's differin sizes o film. The maist common size is 35 mm. It is cried 35 mm sith the width o the film is 35 millimetres. Maist cameras uise 35 mm film.
Anither differ atween films is hou sensitive they are tae licht. Films haes a code number, cried an ISO number. The ISO number seys hou faist a film reacks whan licht shines on it. Exemplars o ISO numbers is ISO 50, ISO 100, IS0 200, ISO 400, ISO 800, and ISO 1600. The ISO number is whiles cried the ASA number or the film speed. Whan the ISO number is low, ISO 50 for exemplar, the film taks a lang time tae record the picter. This is cried a slow film. This means the shutter haes tae stey open for a lang time. Whan the ISO number is heich, ISO 800 for exemplar, the picter is duin gey quick. This is a faist film. This means the shutter haes tae open and close quick.
[edit] Processing
Aince the film haes been exposit, it is processed. Processin haes to be duin in richt darkness or the film will be exposed ower meickle an the picter will be lost. Processin stops the film reackin tae licht ony mair. Aifter the film haes been processed the picter can be seen on the film.
A photographic print is a photograph creatit on paper. A licht-sensiteeve paper is uised. The picter on the film is pit in an enlarger. An enlarger is a machine that shines licht thro the film an maks a bigger picter on the licht-sensiteeve paper. A chemical reaction happens in the paper. Syne the paper is processed tae stop it bein licht-sensiteeve. Lastly it is developed. Developin maks the picter kythe on the paper – nou it is a photograph.
[edit] Deegital photographie
Deegital photographie is photographie duin uisin a deegital camera. Whiles it is cried deegital imagin. A deegital camera haes a lens, aperture, an shutter. The picter the lens maks is recordit by a licht-sensitive lectronic sensor. A deegital camera daesna uise photographic film tae record a picter. Deegital photographs are stored in a computer but paper prints can be made forby frae deegital picters. Deegital cameras can be expensive to keep an aw. Tae hae yer picters prented at hame the same wey commercial prents are made, ye need a byordinar kind o prenter and paper.
[edit] Makin a photograph
The maist important thing whan takin a photograph is focusin the lens. Gin the lens daesna focus the picture weel, the photograph will be blurry. Autofocus cameras focus themsels whan the shutter release is pressed. The photographer haes to focus manual cameras (maistlins aulder anes).
Three ither things are important whan takin a photograph. They control hou bricht or dark the photograph will be.
- The shutter speed – hou lang the shutter is open for.
- The aperture – whitna licht gangs intil the camera.
- The film speed – hou quick the film records the picter.
A slow shutter speed, a bigger aperture, an a faist film will mak a brichter picter. A faist shutter speed, a smaa aperture, an a slow film will gie a darker picter. A guid picture isna ower bricht nor ower dark. An automatic camera chynges thae things itsel whan the shutter release is pressed.
