迷你雪納瑞
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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| 寵物狗標準(外部連結) | ||||||||||||||
| FCI, AKC, ANKC, CKC KC(UK), NZKC, UKC |
迷你雪納瑞（Miniature Schnauzer）是雪納瑞家族中的小型犬種，於19世紀中後期產於德國。迷你雪納瑞是由標準雪納瑞和許多小型犬，包括貴賓犬 、迷你杜賓犬或是艾芬篤賓犬配種衍生而來。
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[编辑] 外表
迷你雪納瑞的外表是非常的有特色，他們是結實、健壯，並且「方方正正」的（身體的長度和腳至肩膀的高度是相同的）。迷你雪納瑞具有長鬍鬚、眉毛，腿上也羽狀的毛，有時也會修成挺直的耳朵，及很短的尾巴；他們具有長又厚實的毛，使得他們具有養再家中的寵物狗的外表。美國犬業俱樂部所認定的迷你雪納瑞只有三種顏色，黑色、胡椒色（ salt and pepper）和銀黑色。
迷你雪納瑞的高度（腳至肩膀）通常為30至38公分，重量為4.5至7公斤。
[编辑] 性情
迷你雪納瑞最讓人熟悉的是他們友善的個性和調皮又充滿活力，他們對主人是非常的忠心並保護。
While very good with children and most other pets, the Miniature Schnauzer does best when growing up with them. Owing to their use as ratters, they should not be trusted around small pets, as they will often attack and possibly kill them. 迷你雪納瑞是優秀的看門犬，他們出聲以警示以人來到家裡；然而，卻因為他們友善的個性，使他們不適合擔任警戒犬。
[编辑] 歷史
關於迷你雪納瑞'最早的紀錄是在19世紀末期的德國，在早期的培養階段，是希望藉由小型品種的混血，將標準雪納瑞的體型減小，產生迷你型的雪納瑞。
在與其他品種例如迷你杜賓犬或是艾芬篤賓犬混血之後，產生了一個意外的副作用，使得新種雪納瑞的毛色與最初的目的不符，因此包括白色等這些毛色「錯誤」的幼犬就被從育種計畫中排除。
Crossing to other breeds, such as the Affenpinscher and Miniature Pinscher, had the side effect of introducing colors that were not considered acceptable to the ultimate goal — and as breeders worked towards the stabilization of the gene pool, mismarked particolors and white puppies were removed from breeding programs.
As puppy mills commonly trade breeding stock back and forth, the gene is introduced into other mills (in exchange with Fox Terrier or Poodle infused particolors, etc.) and so the white gene becomes firmly established in that population. Commercial breeders sell to pet stores, and these form the genetic basis of the vast majority of "backyard breeder" dogs. As none of these animals are bred for the show ring, the fact that they do not exhibit quality in type is irrelevant. Crossbred animals would have very great difficulty surviving in the show-breeding gene pool — they would find it difficult to win or produce offspring who could.
It does not however, lend any credibility to the argument that white schnauzers are purebred and should be perpetuated as such.
The earliest recorded Miniature Schnauzer was in 1888, and the first exhibition was in 1899. With their bold courage the Miniature Schnauzer was originally used for guarding herds, small farms and families. As time passed they were also used to hunt rats, because they appeared to have a knack for it, and its small size was perfect to get into tight places to catch them. The AKC accepted registration of the new breed in 1926, two years after they were introduced to the United States.
[编辑] 健康
迷你雪納瑞易於得到貓狗糖尿病、動物膀胱結石及胰臟炎，通常只要給予是當的照顧並避免餵食甜食或是易於肥胖的食物就可以避免。未剪耳的迷你雪納瑞如果未能保持耳朵該造並定期檢查耳朵，容易發生耳朵感染，甚至導致失去聽覺功能。他們的理想的體重是與高度相關的，如果高度是14英吋（35cm），理想體重就是14磅（6.36公斤）；因為他們很容易變胖，所以不要過度的餵食。
