Paus Bryde
From Wikipedia
| Paus Bryde | |
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| Pengelasan sains | |
| Alam | Haiwan |
| Filum | Kordata |
| Subfilum | Vertebrat |
| Divisi | [[]] |
| Kelas | Mamalia |
| Order | Cetacea |
| Famili | Balaenoptiidae |
| Genus | Balanoptera |
| Spesies | B. edent |
| Nama binomial | |
| Balanoptera edent | |
| {{{Ksubspesies}}} | |
| ''''' | |
Paus Bryde (bahasa Inggerisn: Bryde's Whale). Nama sainsnya Balanoptera edent.
Paus Bryde adalah yang paling kurang diketahui dan dalam banyak cara merupakan rorqual yang paling luar biasa. Paus Bryde adalah kecil berbanding piwaian rorqual—tidak melebihi 25 tan—menggemari kawasan perairan bersuhu tropika dan serdahana berbanding lautan kutub yang paus lain dalam keluarga biologi mereka selalu diami; cenderung kepada kawasan persisiran dan bukannya laut dalam (pelagik), dan walaupun mereka mengekalkan ciri-ciri pepiring tulang paus yang digunakan oleh paus baleen bagi menapis hidupan seni daripada air, permakanan mereka terdiri hampir sepenuhnya dari ikan.
Kelihatannya terdapat dua spesies, dan terdapat kewujupan kekeliruan antara mereka. Paus Bryde amat serupa dengan Paus Sei dan hampir sama besar, dan tidak digambarkan sehingga 1878 daripada spesiment yang tersadai di pantai Burma, yang memberikannya nama Balaenoptera edeni. Pada tahun 1913 paus dipersisiran Afrika Selatan digambarkan sebagai Balaenoptera brydei, nama yang diberikan sebagai pengharhaaan kepada Johan Bryde, Norwegian consul and pioneer of the South African whaling industry. (Note that "Bryde's" is pronounced "broo-dess".)
[Sunting] Ciri-ciri
Paus Bryde adalah haiwan yang tergolong dalam golongan benda hidup, alam haiwan, bertulang belakang (vertebrat), kelas Mamalia. Dalam aturan : , tergolong dalam keluarga : . Paus Bryde adalah haiwan berdarah panas, melahirkan anak, menjaga anak, dan mempunyai bulu di badan.
Jantung Paus Bryde terdiri daripada 4 kamar seperti manusia. Kamar atas dikenali sebagai atrium, sementara kamar bawah dikenali sebagai ventrikel.
[Sunting] Pembiakan
Sebagai mamalia, Paus Bryde berdarah panas, melahirkan anak, menjaga anak, dan mempunyai bulu di badan. Paus Bryde akan menjaga anaknya sehingga mampu berdikari.
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By the 1950s, it was thought that they were a single species, which became B. edeni (because the first proposed name for any species always has priority) but retained Bryde's Whale as the common name. Recent genetic work, however, indicates that there are in fact two separate species:
- Bryde’s Whale, Balaenoptera brydei, with a worldwide tropical and semi-tropical distribution, grows to 26 tonnes and 15 metres long.
- The Pygmy Bryde's Whale (still often called Eden's Whale, Balaenoptera edeni), is found in coastal waters of the eastern Indian and western Pacific oceans.
Bryde's whales vary considerably in form. Five different types have been identified, including at least two smaller ones that tend to stay closer inshore. Alas from the point of view of taxonomic simplicity, DNA testing shows that the newly confirmed pygmy species of South-east Asia is not the same as the similar-looking small form found in the Caribbean. Complicating matters still further, there are forms which appear to be intermediate between Bryde's Whale and the Sei Whale.
In general, Bryde's Whales have a very broad and short head, with between 40 and 70 ventral grooves, and relatively large eyes. They can be recognised by the 3 parallel longitudinal ridges on the head, from the tip of the snout back to the blowhole. (The other rorquals have just one ridge.) They have a single 3 to 4 metre vertical blow. The prominently curved, pointed dorsal fin is readily seen when a Bryde's Whale surfaces. The flippers are small and slender; the broad, centrally notched tail flukes never break the surface.
Colour varies: the back is generally dark grey or blue to black, the ventral area a lighter cream, shading to greyish purple on the belly. Some have a number of whitish-grey spots, which may be scars from parasites or shark attacks.
