Catherine de' Medici
From Wikipedia
*Catherine de' Medici (April 13, 1519, Florence – Januari 5, 1589, Blois), dilahirkan di Itali sebagai Catherina Romola di Lorenzo de' Medici, dan kemudian tinggal di Perancis dibawah nama Catherine de Médicis, adalah Ratu Perancis sebagai isteri kepada Henry II dari Perancis, dari rumpun Valois dari Raja-raja Perancis, dan ibu kepada tiga raja selanjutnya dari rumpun itu.
Dilahirkan di Florence, Itali, dia merupakan anak kepada Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke Urbino, dan puteri Perancis, Madeleine de la Tour d'Auvergne. Setelah kehilangan kedua-dua ibubapanya pada usia awal, Catherine telah dihantar ke biara untuk dididikkan; dia hanya empatbelas tahun apabila dia telah berkahwin (pada Oktober 28, 1533), di Marseille, kepada duke Orléans, yang empunya abang François yang hidup pada sebuah masa, tetapi yang bakal menjadi Raja Henry II dari Perancis. Juga pada 1533, yang baru dikahwin Catherine de' Medici, mentauliahkan seorang tukang kasut untuk memfesyenkan pada dia sepasang kasut tumit, kedua-dua untuk fesyen, dan untuk menambahkan ketinggiannya. Ini adalah rekod bertulis pertama dari kasut tumit-tinggi.
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Her uncle was Pope Clement VII (the pope who refused to grant Henry VIII a divorce from Catherine of Aragon, his first wife). Although Clement VII always addressed Catherine as his niece, he was in fact a first cousin of her grandfather. It was the pope who arranged her marriage negotiating with Henry's father Francis I of France. Francis, still engaged in his lifelong struggle against Charles V, was only too glad of the opportunity to strengthen his influence in the Italian peninsula, while Clement, ever needful of help against his too powerful protector, was equally ready to hold out some bait. During the reign of Francis, Catherine exercised little influence in France. She was young, a foreigner, in a country that had great weight in the world of politics, of unproven ability, and over-shadowed by more important persons. For ten years after her marriage, she had no children. In consequence, whispers of a divorce began at court, and it seemed possible that Francis, alarmed at the possible extinction of his royal house, would listen to such a proposal. But Catherine did produce children, and Francis lived long enough to see his grandchildren before he died.
When her maternal aunt the Duchess of Albany died, Catherine inherited the County of Auvergne.
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