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Chromatinas - Vikipedija

Chromatinas

Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.

Chromatinas - medžiaga, esanti ląstelės branduolyje. Chromatino paskirtis - saugoti paveldimą informaciją. Jis sudarytas iš DNR, šiek tiek RNR ir baltymų. Įprastai chromatinas - siūliška medžiaga, tačiau prieš ląstelės dalijimąsi susiveja į chromosomas.

Turinys

[taisyti] Atradimų chronologija

  • 1842 Chromosoma (Karlas Vilhelmas fon Negelis)
  • 1874 Nukleino rūgštys (Frydrichas Myšeris)
  • 1880 Chromatinas (Valteris Flemmingas)
  • 1884 Histonai (Albrechtas Koselis)
  • 1910 "Chromosomose yra genai" (Tomas Huntas Morganas)
  • 1953 DNR struktūra (Džeimsas Vatsonas, Frencis Krikas, Morisas Vilkinsas, Rozalindas Franklinas)
  • 1961 Genetinės struktūros atkodavimas (Maršalas Varenas Nirenbergas, Heinrichas Mataei)
  • 1966 Histono modifikacijos/- acetilo grupė (Vincentas Alfris)
  • 1973-75 nuo nu-Body iki Nukleosomų (Ada Olins, Donaldas Olinsas, Rodžeris Kornbergas)
  • 1975 Nukleosomomų viršstruktūra/Solenoidas (Džonas T. Finchas ir Aron Klugas)

[taisyti] Literatūra

  • Histono modifikacijos:
    • V. G. Allfrey, (1966). Structural modifications of histones and their possible role in the regulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis. Proc Can Cancer Conf 6, 313-335.
    • B. G. Pogo, A. O. Pogo, V. G. Allfrey, and A. E. Mirsky (1968) Changing patterns of histone acetylation and RNA synthesis in regeneration of the liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 59, 1337-1344.
  • Nukleozomos
    • A. L. Olins and D. E. Olins (1974) Spheroidal chromatin units (nu bodies). Science 183, 330-332.
  • Solenoido modelis
    • Finch, J. T. and Klug, A (1976). Solenoidal model for superstructure in chromatin. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 1897-1901.

[taisyti] Kita

  • Corces, V. G. 1995. Chromatin insulators. Keeping enhancers under control. Nature 376:462-463.
  • Cremer, T. 1985. Von der Zellenlehre zur Chromosomentheorie: Naturwissenschaftliche Erkenntnis und Theorienwechsel in der frühen Zell- und Vererbungsforschung, Veröffentlichungen aus der Forschungsstelle für Theoretische Pathologie der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. Springer-Vlg., Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Elgin, S. C. R. (ed.). 1995. Chromatin Structure and Gene Expression, vol. 9. IRL Press, Oxford, New York, Tokyo.
  • Gerasimova, T. I., and V. G. Corces. 1996. Boundary and insulator elements in chromosomes. Current Op. Genet. and Dev. 6:185-192.
  • Gerasimova, T. I., and V. G. Corces. 1998. Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins mediate the function of a chromatin insulator. Cell 92:511-521.
  • Gerasimova, T. I., and V. G. Corces. 2001. CHROMATIN INSULATORS AND BOUNDARIES: Effects on Transcription and Nuclear Organization. Annu Rev Genet 35:193-208.
  • Gerasimova, T. I., K. Byrd, and V. G. Corces. 2000. A chromatin insulator determines the nuclear localization of DNA [In Process Citation]. Mol Cell 6:1025-35.
  • Ha, S. C., K. Lowenhaupt, A. Rich, Y. G. Kim, and K. K. Kim. 2005. Crystal structure of a junction between B-DNA and Z-DNA reveals two extruded bases. Nature 437:1183-6.
  • Pollard, T., and W. Earnshaw. 2002. Cell Biology. Saunders.
  • Saumweber, H. 1987. Arrangement of Chromosomes in Interphase Cell Nuclei, p. 223-234. In W. Hennig (ed.), Structure and Function of Eucaryotic Chromosomes, vol. 14. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Sinden, R. R. 2005. Molecular biology: DNA twists and flips. Nature 437:1097-8.
  • Van Holde KE. 1989. Chromatin. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0387966943.
  • Van Holde, K., J. Zlatanova, G. Arents, and E. Moudrianakis. 1995. Elements of chromatin structure: histones, nucleosomes, and fibres, p. 1-26. In S. C. R. Elgin (ed.), Chromatin structure and gene expression. IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford.

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