Isoleucine

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Isoleucine is one of the 20 basic amino acids, and forms part of the structure of almost all proteins. It is coded for in DNA. Its chemical composition is identical to that of leucine, but the arrangement of its atoms is slightly different, resulting in different properties. Nutritionally, in humans, isoleucine is an essential amino acid. Isoleucine is a hydrophobic amino acid. Its three letter code is ILE and its one letter code is I.

Isoleucine has two chiral centers; therefore there are four possible stereoisomers of isoleucine and two possible diastereomers of L-isoleucine. However, isoleucine present in nature exists in one enantiomeric form, (2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.

Rich sources of isoleucine are eggs, chicken, pork, mutton, pulses, soya beans, cottage cheese, milk, piyal seeds, cashew nuts, and cereal grains.

Forms of Isoleucine
Common name:	isoleucine	D-isoleucine	L-isoleucine	DL-isoleucine	allo-D-isoleucine	allo-L-isoleucine	allo-DL-isoleucine
Synonyms:		(R)-Isoleucine	L(+)-Isoleucine	(R*,R*)-isoleucine		alloisoleucine
PubChem:	CID 791	CID 94206	CID 6306	CID 76551
EINECS number:	207-139-8	206-269-2	200-798-2		216-143-9	216-142-3	221-464-2
CAS number:	443-79-8	319-78-8	73-32-5		1509-35-9	1509-34-8	3107-04-8

[edit] External links

• Isoleucine and valine biosynthesis
• Computational Chemistry Wiki
• Links to external chemical sources.

The 20 Common Amino Acids
Alanine (dp) | Arginine (dp) | Asparagine (dp) | Aspartic acid (dp) | Cysteine (dp) | Glutamic acid (dp) | Glutamine (dp) | Glycine (dp) | Histidine (dp) | Isoleucine (dp) | Leucine (dp) | Lysine (dp) | Methionine (dp) | Phenylalanine (dp) | Proline (dp) | Serine (dp) | Threonine (dp) | Tryptophan (dp) | Tyrosine (dp) | Valine (dp)
←Peptides	Major families of biochemicals	Nucleic acids→