鱒魚五重奏
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鱒魚五重奏(The Trout Quintet)是舒伯特所寫的一首五重奏樂曲的通俗稱呼。這首五重奏在Otto Erich Deutsch的舒伯特作品目錄裡的正式名稱是「A大調鋼琴五重奏Op.114」，作品編號D.667。而「鱒魚」只不過是第四樂章的副題，而並非整個五重奏的名稱。這首作品於1819年完成，當時舒伯特只有22歲，亦是他一生唯一的一首鋼琴五重奏樂曲。
與一般五重奏不同之處是，這首五重奏是一首由鋼琴、低音大提琴、大提琴、中提琴及小提琴一起合奏的樂曲。一般的五重奏並沒有低音大提琴，但有兩個小提琴。
The piece is known as the Trout because the fourth movement is a set of variations on Schubert's earlier lied, "Die Forelle" (The Trout). Apart from being variations on the melody of that lied, the last variation also renders the characteristic musical motif picturing the "trout" appearing and disappearing in the water, which Schubert had used in the piano accompaniment of the lied.
The composer Johann Nepomuk Hummel has a quintet with the same instrumentation, and the Trout was actually written for a group of musicians coming together to play Hummel's work.
[编辑] 樂章
全首歌分為五個樂章，分別是：
- Allegro vivace - as is normal in multi-movement works of the time, this is in sonata form, however he alters it slightly by beginning the recapitulation on the subdominant, making any modulatory changes in the transition to the second theme unnecessary.
- Andante
- Scherzo: Presto
- Andantino - Allegretto - the variations on "Die Forelle"
- Allegro giusto
Movements which are a set of variations on a melody from another one of his works are found in several other pieces by Schubert, including the Rosamunde Quartet, the Death and the Maiden Quartet and the Wanderer Fantasy.
當中最為人所熟悉的是第四樂章的變奏。這一個變奏，據說在初稿中是沒有的。這段變奏以一連串非常急速的鋼琴連音，來表達出鱒魚在河流中快樂地暢泳。這一段變奏對演奏者的手指靈活度要求很高。
[编辑] 冷知識
The British television sitcom Waiting for God used the opening of the Trout Quintet’s fifth movement as its theme music.
