收银器
维基百科，自由的百科全书
收银机是架计算金钱、记录贸易、保存金钱的机器。通常收银机也打印单据给顾客。
In most cases the drawer can be opened only after a sale, except when using a special key, which only senior personnel or the owner has. This reduces the risk of personnel stealing from the shop owner by not recording a sale and pocketing the money, in the case that the customer does not require a receipt and has to be given change (cash is more easily checked against recorded sales than inventory). In fact, cash registers were first invented for the purpose of eliminating employee theft or embezzlement. The first registers were entirely mechanical, without receipts. The employee was required to ring up every transaction on the register, and when the total key was pushed, the drawer opened and a bell would ring, alerting the manager to a sale taking place. Those original machines were nothing but simple adding machines. Some cash registers include a key labeled "NS" (most of the time silver in color), which is abbreviated for "No Sale", and opens the drawer, printing out a receipt stating "No Sale" and recording it in the register log that the register was opened. Some other cash registers require a numeric password to be entered when attempting to open the register. In the event of a power shortage, some models have latches that can be pulled to open the drawer.
A cash register may be compulsory for tax purposes. The law sometimes also requires customers to collect the receipt and keep it at least for a short while after leaving the shop, again for checking that the shop records sales, so that it cannot evade taxes.
Often cash registers are attached to scales, barcode scanners, checkstands, and EFTPOS or credit card terminals. Increasingly, dedicated cash registers are being replaced with general purpose computers with POS software.
Today, these machines scan the barcode (usually EAN or Universal Product Code (UPC)) for each item, retrieve the price from a database, calculate deductions for items on sale, calculate the tax, calculate differential rates for preferred customers, time and date stamp the transaction, record the transaction in detail including each item purchased, record the method of payment, keep totals for each product or type of product sold as well as total sales for specified periods, and do other tasks as well.
Cash register manufacturers include Casio, NCR, IBM, Wincor-Nixdorf, Uniwell, and Sharp.
[编辑] Self checkout
- 主條目：Self checkout
Some supermarkets have introduced self-checkout machines, where the customer is trusted (to an extent) to scan the barcodes (or manually identify uncoded items like fruit), and place the items into a bagging area (where the bag is weighed, the machine complains vocally when it thinks that something in the bag doesn't seem to weigh what the inventory database lists the weight as). There is normally a supervisor watching over several such checkouts; as such the benefit to the customer is little, the benefit to the supermarket is reduced staffing levels. Payment on these machines is accepted by card EFTPOS, or cash via coinslot and bank note scanner.
[编辑] 来源
James Ritty于1879年发明了第一架收银器。James是美国 俄亥俄州一间酒栈的老板，为了停止不诚实的员工另他减少收入而发明的。
