Utraquism
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Utraquism (from the Latin sub utraque specie, meaning "in both kinds") was a dogma first proposed by Jacob of Mies in 1414. It maintained that the Eucharist should be administered "in both kinds" — as both bread and wine — to all the congregation, including the laity. (The practice at the time was for only the priests to partake of the wine).
The Utraquists were a moderate faction of the Hussites (in contrast to the more radical Taborites and Orebites). They were also known as the Prague Party or the Calixtines — from calix, Latin for their emblem, the chalice.
The Utraquists eventually reunited with the Catholic Church and defeated the more radical Taborites and Orphans at the Battle of Lipany in 1434. After that battle, nearly all forms of Hussite revival were Utraquist, as seen with George of Podebrady, who even managed to bring the city of Tábor, the famous Taborite stronghold, to convert to Utraquism.
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This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of The Nuttall Encyclopaedia.
