Phidippus johnsoni

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

iRedback jumping spider

female P. johnsoni

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Suborder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Salticidae
Genus:	Phidippus
Species:	P. johnsoni

Binomial name

Phidippus johnsoni
(Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Synonyms

Attus johnsonii
P. bicolor
P. johnsonii
P. arizonensis
P. formosus
Dendryphantes johnsoni

The redbacked jumping spider (Phidippus johnsoni) is one of the largest and most commonly encountered jumping spider of western North America. It is not to be confused with the unrelated venomous redback spider (Latrodectus hasselti). When threatened, these spiders can inflict a quite painful bite in self defense, but with no medical consequences.

1 Description
2 Distribution
3 Habits
4 Bite
5 References
6 External links

[edit] Description

Adults tend to be about a centimeter in length. Both sexes have a bright red abdomen; the female has in addition a black central stripe. The chelicerae of both sexes are of a shining teal color. The rest of the body is mostly black.

[edit] Distribution

The distribution of P. johnsoni is bounded by the Great Plains, the Pacific Ocean, northern Mexico and southern Canada. It occurs from sea level to timberline, occupying relatively dry habitats such as coastal dunes or oak woodlands. Between two and thirty redback jumping spiders per 1,000 m² were found during a study in 1976.

This species has been introduced to New Zealand with grapes.

[edit] Habits

This species constructs conspicuous tubular silken nests under rocks and wood on the ground. They remain inside these at night and during bad weather. Molting, egg laying and sometimes courtship and mating occur inside these nests. Most of the time they feed on prey about half their own size, but a range from 2 mm to about 1 cm has been observed. Although found to feed on a wide variety of insects (eg., flies, bugs and moth caterpillars and adults), they also prey heavily on spiders. Cannibalism does occur from time to time, in the form of females feeding on males.

[edit] Bite

This spider only bites when threatened. The bite results in swelling and pain at the bite site, lasting for several days.

[edit] References

Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham (1883). Descriptions of new or little known spiders of the family Attidae from various parts of the United States of North America. Milwaukee, pp. 1-35.
Jackson, R.R. (1977). Prey of the jumping spider Phidippus johnsoni (Araneae: Salticidae). J. Arachnol. 5:145-149. PDF
Jackson, R.R. (1978). The life history of Phidippus johnsoni (Araneae: Salticidae). J. Arachnol. 6:1-29. PDF