Duchy of Lucca
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The Duchy of Lucca was an Italian state that was formed in 1815 according to the Congress of Vienna, with capital Lucca. It lasted until 1847, when it was annexed to Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
The first duke was Charles Louis of Bourbon, to whom it was given in compensation for the lost Duchy of Parma, with a regency assigned to his mother Maria Louisa. A clausule established that, after Charles Louis' death, the duchy was to be returned to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
It adopted, from 1815 to 1818, a yellow-red horizontal flag. From 7 November, 1818, to 1847 the flag was a white flag with Maria Luisa's coat of arms with the yellow-red flag in the canton.