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Bio-ætanol - Wikipedia

Bio-ætanol

Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi

Bio-ætanol eller bio-ethanol er sprit (ætanol) fremstillet af plantemateriale.

Indholdsfortegnelse

[redigér] 1. generation bio-ethanol

Bio-ethanol kan fremstilles af sukkerholdige planter (sukkerroer, sukkerrør og korn). Denne form for bio-ethanol kaldes 1. generation. For at producere ethanol, kræves en gæringsprocess, så derfor koges og hakkes de sukkerholdige planter, så plantefibrene nedbrydes. Herefter tilsættes vand og gær, der står for den egentlige produktion af ethanol. Når alkoholprocenten når omkring 12, dræbes gærcellerne og væsken destilleres. [1] [2]

D. 30. maj 2006 introducerede det norske benzinselskab Statoil den nye Bio95 benzin, en 95 oktan benzin som indeholder 5% ren bioethanol. Den bioethanol Statoil bruger er af 1. generation, og hentes bl.a. i Brasilien.

[redigér] 2. generation bio-ethanol

2. generation produceres af cellulosen (og evt. sukker) i planter; f.eks. halm og majsstænger - eller andre restprodukter. På nuværende tidspunkt (juni 2006) produceres 2. generations bio-ethanol ikke på kommerciel basis, selv om Fynsværket kører forsøg med det.[3]

Derudover er der et 2. generations pilotanlæg på Danmarks Tekniske Universitet. Pilotanlægget hedder MaxiFuels og producerer bioethanol ud fra halm.[4]

[redigér] Kilder/referencer

  1. Popular Mechanics - Crunching The Numbers On Alternative Fuels Citat: "...according to the DOE, the growing, fermenting and distillation chain actually results in a surplus of energy that ranges from 34 to 66 percent..."
  2. DoE: Biomass Program: Net Energy Balance for Bioethanol Production and Use Citat: "...The most official study of the issue, which also reviews other studies, concludes that the "net energy balance" of making fuel ethanol from corn grain is 1.34..."
  3. DoE: Biomass Program: Net Energy Balance for Bioethanol Production and Use Citat: "...For cellulosic bioethanol—the focus of the Biomass Program—that study projects an energy balance of 2.62...A Biomass Program life-cycle analysis of producing ethanol from stover, now underway, is expected to show a very impressive net energy ratio of more than 5..."
  4. http://www.biofuels.dk.

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