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July 12 - Simple English Wikipedia
July 12
From Wikipedia, a free encyclopedia written in simple English for easy reading.
[edit ] Births
100 BC - Gaius Julius Caesar , Roman soldier and politician (d. 44 BC)
1394 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (d. 1441)
1468 - Juan del Encina, poet and composer
1730 - Josiah Wedgwood, English potter (d. 1795 )
1807 - Thomas Hawksley, English civil engineer (d. 1893 )
1817 - Henry David Thoreau, American writer and philosopher (d. 1862 )
1819 - Charles Kingsley, English writer (d. 1875 )
1824 - Eugène Boudin, French painter (d. 1898 )
1849 - Sir William Osler, Canadian physician, author, professor of medicine (d. 1919 )
1850 - Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist (d. 1912 )
1852 - Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (d. 1933 ).
1854 - George Eastman, American inventor (d. 1932 )
1855 - Edward 'Ned' Hanlan, rower (d. 1908 )
1861 - George Washington Carver , American botanist (d. 1943 )
1868 - Stefan George, German poet (d. 1933 )
1870 - Louis II of Monaco (d. 1949 )
1876 - Max Jacob, French poet (d. 1944 )
1880 - Tod Browning, American film director (d. 1962 )
1884 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920 )
1886 - Jean Hersholt, Danish film director and actor (d. 1956 )
1892 - Bruno Schulz, Polish writer and painter (d. 1942 )
1892 - Harry Piel, actor, film director, and producer (d. 1963 )
1895 - Kirstin Flagstad, Norwegian soprano (d. 1962 )
1895 - R. Buckminster Fuller , American architect (d. 1983 )
1895 - Oscar Hammerstein II, American lyricist (d. 1960 )
1902 - Günther Anders, philosopher and writer (d. 1992 )
1904 - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese politician and leader (d. 1997 )
1904 - Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel Prize recipient (d. 1973 )
1908 - Milton Berle, American comedian (d. 2002 )
1909 - Joe DeRita, American actor and comedian (d. 1993 )
1913 - Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1917 - Andrew Wyeth, American artist
1920 - Beah Richards, American actress (d. 2000 )
1920 - Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and writer (d. 2004 )
1922 - Mark Hatfield, U.S. Senator from Oregon
1925 - Roger B. Smith, American automobile executive
1930 - Gordon Pinsent, Canadian actor, director, and writer
1932 - Otis Davis, American runner
1933 - Donald E. Westlake, American author
1934 - Van Cliburn, American pianist
1937 - Bill Cosby , American comedian and actor
1937 - Lionel Jospin, Prime Minister of France
1943 - Christine McVie, singer, musician, and songwriter (Fleetwood Mac )
1947 - Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby player
1948 - Richard Simmons, American fitness trainer
1948 - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Sufi musician (d. 1997 )
1964 - Gaby Roslin, English television presenter
1967 - Richard Herring, English comedian
1971 - Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
1972 - Travis Best, NBA player
1976 - Anna Friel, British actress
1977 - Brock Lesnar, American professional wrestler
1984 - Gareth Gates, British singer
1991 - Erik Per Sullivan, American actor
[edit ] Deaths
783 - Bertrada, wife of Pippin III (b. 720)
1441 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (b. 1394 )
1536 - Erasmus, Dutch writer and philosopher
1682 - Jean Picard, French astronomer (b. 1620 )
1712 - Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1626 )
1773 - Johann Joachim Quantz, German flutist and composer (b. 1697 )
1804 - Alexander Hamilton
1845 - Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian author (b. 1808 )
1910 - Charles Stewart Rolls, British engineer and aviator (b. 1887 )
1918 - Dragutin Lerman, Croatian explorer (b. 1864 )
1919 - Charles Rock, actor
1921 - Ralph Herz, actor
1923 - Harry Lonsdale, actor
1926 - Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator (b. 1868 )
1931 - Nathan Söderblom, Swedish clergyman, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1866 )
1935 - Alfred Dreyfus , French military officer (b. 1859 )
1949 - Douglas Hyde, first President of Ireland (b. 1860 )
1950 - Elsie De Wolfe, actress and interior decorator (b. 1865 )
1962 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, American band leader (b. 1907 )
1988 - Josh Logan, film director and writer
1996 - John Chancellor, American television journalist (b. 1927 )
1996 - Jonathan Melvoin, musician and keyboardist (The Smashing Pumpkins ) (b. 1961 )
1999 - Bill Owen, British actor (b. 1914 )
2003 - Benny Carter, American musician (b. 1907 )
[edit ] Events
1543 - King Henry VIII of England married his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr at Hampton Court Palace.
1573 - Spanish forces under the Duke of Alva capture Haarlem after a seven month siege.
1690 - Williamite war in Ireland: Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar ) - The army of William III of England defeats that of the deposed King James VII of Scotland and II of England .
1691 - Williamite war in Ireland: Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar ) - The decisive victory of William's forces in Ireland.
1759 - Seven Years' War - French and Indian War : British cannon start firing on French at Quebec City , from Lévis, Quebec.
1806 - Sixteen German imperial states left the Holy Roman Empire and formed the Confederation of the Rhine.
1812 - War of 1812 : The United States invades Canada at Windsor, Ontario .
1862 - Medal of Honor authorized by the United States Congress .
1892 - A hidden lake bursts out of a glacier on the side of Mont Blanc , flooding the valley below and killing around 200 villagers and holidaymakers in Saint Gervais .
1932 - Lambeth Bridge, London , opened by King George V of the United Kingdom
1932 - Hedley Verity establishes a first-class record by taking all ten wickets for only ten runs against Nottinghamshire on a pitch affected by a storm.
1933 - Congress passes the first federal minimum wage law in the United States : 33 cents per hour.
1943 - World War II : Battle of Kursk - German and Soviet forces engage in largest tank engagement of all time.
1950 - René Pleven becomes Prime Minister of France.
1960 - Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.
1967 - Four days of race riots begin in Newark, New Jersey that will claim the lives of 27 people.
1973 - The 1973 National Archives Fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center.
1975 - São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence.
1979 - The island nation of Kiribati declares independence.
1979 - Disco Demolition Night held at Comiskey Park in Chicago, Illinois
1993 - A magnitude 7.8 earthquake off the shore of Hokkaido, Japan launches a devastating tsunami , killing 202 on the small island of Okushiri.
1998 - KDE 1.0 released.
2002 - Gay rights: The Superior Court of Ontario orders Ontario to recognize same-sex marriages.
2004 - Earthquake in Posočje, Slovenia , 2 dead, 4.9 on the Richter scale.
2004 - Pedro Santana Lopes is officially appointed Prime Minister of Portugal.
2005 - Prince Albert II is enthroned as ruler of the Principality of Monaco .
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