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the United States [to modify]

NASA is the initiator of the project, and for this reason the responsibility for sound good unfolding falls on to him. It has for principal contracting the group Boeing Space & Communications, and its material participation includes/understands the principal structure (beams), four pairs of solar panels, three modules forming the n?ud connection including the hoppers of mooring for the spaceships and the other elements, and the respirable air receivers which will supply the buildings of dwelling as well as the spacesuits as well states-uniennes as Russian. NASA provides also the module of dwelling, the laboratory states-unien and the module of connection to the centrifugal machine. Logistics under the responsibility for NASA includes the electric output, the communications and the processing data, thermal control, the control of the environment of the life and the maintenance of the health of the crew. The gyroscopes of the ISS are also under its responsibility.

In their capacity as initiators of the project, the United States will play the principal part in its development and it is without surprise which one can note that the major part of the ISS belongs to them.

[to modify] Canada

the robot-like arm Canadarm

The Canadian space Agency deals with the realization of robot-like arm MSS (for Mobile servicing system), a single device intended to provide a help in the assembly and the maintenance of the station. Canada provides also Space vision system (SVS), a system of cameras which was already tested on the arm manipulator of the American space shuttle intended to assist the astronauts in charge of his use.

[to modify] Europe

The majority of the Member States ofthe ESA work with the ISS, in particular by providing Columbus Orbital Facility (COF or simply called Columbus), module which can receive 10 instrument pallets, of which the half European, andAutomated transfer vehicle (ATV).The ESA is also responsible for the arm European manipulator, which will be used since the scientific and logistic platforms Russian, as well as data management systems of the module of service. Without forgetting the launchers ARIANE 5, which will be used for the supply of the ISS while carburizing and material.

[to modify] Japan

The NASDA provides Japanese experiment module (JEM) which shelters several livable pressurized compartments, a platform where 10 pallets of instruments can be exposed to the space vacuum and a specific arm manipulator. The pressurized module can as for him also accomodate 10 instrument pallets.

[to modify] Russia

The Russian federal space agency provides a third approximately mass of the ISS, with the participation of its principal contractors: Rocket space corporation-Energia, and Krunitchev space center. A livable module of service, which will be the first element occupied by a crew; a module of universal mooring which will allow the accosting of vessels as well states-uniens (Space shuttle) that Russian (Soyuz); several modules of research. Russia is also largely implied in the supply of the station like for its maintenance in orbit, by using Progress vessel-cargo liners in particular. The module of Zarya control was the first element to be put into orbit.

[to modify] Italy

Independently to its participation inthe ESA,the Italian space Agency (ASI) provides three general-purpose logistic modules. Conceived to be able to integrate the compartment of the shuttle states-unienne, they comprise pressurized compartments and will bring various instruments and experiments on board ISS. The design of the European module Columbus is inspired largely by these three elements. The ASI provides also the n?uds 2 and 3 of the station.

[to modify] Brazil

Under the direction ofthe Brazilian space Agency,the national Institute of Pesquisas (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) provides a pallet to instruments and its attachment unit which will accomodate various experiments outside the station. Conveyed by a shuttle, those are intended to be exposed to the space vacuum during a long period.

Russia

The participation of Russia in the realization of the international space Station is far from being symbolic system, even if it is far from being defined, at least completely. Indeed, if one examines a representation of the ISS, one realizes that the Russian part is connected more at one station in the station than with a simple appendix...

Without question, the electric generator will be the most visible mark. Composed of eight solar panels fixed at the end of their own mast of almost 20 meters finding anchoring on the module of Zvezda service, it ensures the energy autonomy of all the section.

With the module of service, on the hopper opposed to the mast and directed towards nadir it (i.e. towards the Earth) a module of multiple accosting, very similar will moor with that which was used on Mir. And to this element will come to set two modules laboratories, a module of dwelling and a hopper of universal mooring in particular which can receive the vessels of Progress supply. The unit will be prolonged by a Soyuz vessel which can act as boat of rescue in waiting of the development of a more suitable means of evacuation.

But the current state of the Russian economy prevents from pushing the definition further from the project.

[to modify] Japan

Japanese experiment module (JEM) Kibo is the centre piece of Japan on the international space Station. Provided bythe Japanese space Agency (NASDA), it comprises ten standardized sites on board, of which five will be occupied by racks of Japanese payload and five others by material of NASA. All the sites are compatible with the international standards with regard to the energy connections and the supply various gases or liquids.

The JEM includesExperiment logistic module - Pressurized section (ELM PS), also pressurized cylinder providing additional sites for certain experiments claiming, inter alia, a different atmosphere or an atmospheric pressure. This element is fixed perpendicularly at the JEM.

Experiment logistic module - Exposed section (ELM ES) is a pallet prolonging the principal element, intended to receive the instruments and experiments having to be exposed to the space vacuum. A hopper facilitates the access of them.

The Japanese module also has its own arm manipulator, which has the advantage of limiting the number of human interventions outside.

Japan also provides a vehicle of transfer HTV.

[to modify] Canada

Canada, extremely of its experiment on board American Space shuttle , gives the responsability itself to provide the arm principal manipulator of the space station. Length of almost 20 meters, it is able to move loads of 125 tons and will be largely used in the phase of construction of the station. Two years after its installation, a hand much more precise will be adapted there, authorizing work requiring a great dexterity.

The Canadian space Agency will build also a mobile platform of inspection and maintenance, small entirely autonomous uninhabited vehicle remote-controlled from the station and which will be able to traverse the whole of the structure by relaying images and given as well towards the center of control on board on Earth.

[to modify] Italy

Although forming part ofthe European space Agency (ESA),the Italian space Agency (ASI) chose to add a participation personal and independent in construction of the international space Station.Italian Multi-Purpose Laboratory Modules (MPLMs) is an element built on the model of European Colombus and will shelter 16 standardized sites ready to receive Italian, European or American loads. Its launching will be ensured by the space shuttle.

The ASI also builds Node-2 and Node-3 on behalf of NASA.

[to modify] Brazil

Instituto de Nacional Pesquisas Espaciais is in charge of the development and construction with a system with mobile carrying pallets with instruments which will be fixed on the principal beam of the ISS, and on which could be installed various loads having to remain exposed with the space vacuum.