James Naismith

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

You have  new messages (last change).

James Naismith, M.A., M.D., D.D, (November 6, 1861 – November 28, 1939) was the inventor of the sport of basketball and  the first to introduce the use of a helmet in American football. He was also the first basketball coach to assemble a team of 5 players.

He was born in Almonte, Ontario, the eldest son of Scottish immigrants who had arrived in the area in 1851 and  worked in the mining industry.

Enlarge

Contents

[edit] Invention of basketball

In 1891, while working as a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, and  coaching football at McGill University, Naismith was asked to make a game that wouldn't take up much room and  at the same time, could be played indoors.

Inspired mostly by a Canadian game he played as a child in Canada called Duck-on-a-Rock, Naismith's basketball started December 15, 1891 with thirteen rules (modified versions of twelve of those are  still used today), a peach basket nailed to either end of the school's gymnasium, and  two teams of nine players. On January 15, 1892 Naismith published the rules for basketball. The original rules did not include what is  known today as the dribble. They initially only allowed the ball to be moved up the court via a pass. Following each "goal" a jump ball was taken in the middle of the court. Although it  wasn't a rule, players would commonly use the dust of coal to cover the palms of their hands, allowing them to get a better grip on the ball. The coal palm was used up until the early 1930s. Also interesting was the rule concerning balls out of bounds - the first player to retrieve the ball received possession.

Basketball became a popular men's sport in the United States and  Canada very quickly, and  spread to other countries as well. Additionally, there were several efforts to establish (under modified rules) a women's version. Naismith himself was impressed with how quickly women caught onto the game and  remarked that they were quick to understand the nature of the teamwork involved. He observed some women playing at a college in Springfield, MA, and  was instrumental in promoting the sport for women in New England. This met with great resistance in some circles and  was consequently far slower to become truly widespread. Even Naismith felt that it  was appropriate to modify the rules somewhat to account for the delicate nature of women.

The men's sport was officially added to the Olympic Games program at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. There, Naismith handed out the medals to three North American teams; United States, for the Gold Medal, in a game that was played outdoors in rain with Naismith's native country of Canada, for the Silver Medal, and  Mexico, for their Bronze medal win. Women's basketball finally became an  Olympic event in Montreal during the 1976 Summer Olympics. Previously, there had been a men's basketball competition, in connection with the 1904 Games at St. Louis, USA.

[edit] Coaching career

Naismith moved to the University of Kansas, in 1898, following his studies in Denver, becoming a professor, and  the school's first basketball coach. University of Kansas went on to develop one of the nation's most storied college basketball programs.

Naismith is  the only Kansas coach to have  a losing record (55-60) during his tenure at the school. Nevertheless, Naismith has one of the greatest coaching legacies in basketball history. Naismith coached Forrest "Phog" Allen, who then became one of the coaches with the most wins in U.S. college basketball history, and  his eventual successor at Kansas. Phog Allen was the college basketball coach of Dean Smith and  Adolph Rupp, who are  the two winningest of men's college basketball and  won a combined total of six NCAA championships. Adolph Rupp was the college basketball coach of Pat Riley who is  one of the winningest coaches in NBA history and  six NBA championships. Dean Smith went on to be the college basketball coach of hall of fame coach Larry Brown, current North Carolina coach Roy Williams (who also coincidentally coached for 15 seasons at the University of Kansas previous to that), and  basketball great Michael Jordan. In the late 1930s Naismith played a role in the formation of the National Association of Intercollegiate Basketball, which later became the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.

In August 1936, while attending the Berlin Olympics, he was named honorary President of the International Basketball Federation.

[edit] Personal life

Naismith married Maude Sherman in 1894. They had five children. Naismith was also a Presbyterian Minister. Naismith became a naturalized American citizen on May 4, 1925. In 1939 he was awarded his Doctor of Divinity from The Presbyterian College, Montreal. After Maude's death in 1937, he married Florence Kincade on June 11 1939, less  than six months before his own death, in Lawrence, Kansas, of a cerebral hemorrhage.

He has been honored extensively in his native country Canada and  also in other nations. He was the founding inductee when on February 17, 1968 the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, named in his honor, opened in Springfield, Massachusetts.

In 2005 James Naismith's grandson, Ian Naismith, planned on selling the original copy of the basketball rule book. The rules were passed down on Naismith's death to his youngest son, James Naismith, who was Ian's father. James lived in Corpus Christi, Texas.

Naismith was a Freemason.[1]

[edit] 13 Rules of Basketball - Written by James Naismith

  1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or  both hands.
  2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or  both hands, but never with the fist.
  3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it  from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed.
  4. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or  body must not be used for holding it.
  5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or  tripping in any way of an  opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is  made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.
  6. A foul is  striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and  4 and  such as described in Rule 5.
  7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it  shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
  8. A goal shall be made when the ball is  thrown or  batted from the grounds into the basket and  stays there, providing those defending the goal do no touch or  disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and  the opponent moves the basket, it  shall count as a goal.
  9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it  shall be thrown into the field and  played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it  straight into the field. The thrower-in is  allowed five seconds. If he holds it  longer, it  shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.
  10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and  shall note the fouls and  notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have  been made. He shall have  power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
  11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and  shall decide when the ball is  in play, in bounds, to which side it  belongs, and  shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and  keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are  usually performed by a referee.
  12. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between.
  13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner.

[ and  references">edit] External links and  references


Kansas Jayhawks Head Basketball Coaches
Naismith • Hamilton • Allen • Harp • Owens • Brown • Williams • Self
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org../../../j/a/m/James_Naismith_3dbc.html"

STATIC WIKIPEDIA JUNE 2008 on wikipedia2006.classicistranieri.com

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu

STATIC WIKIPEDIA MARCH 2008 on wikipeda2006classicistranieri.com
aa, ab, af, ak, als, am, an, ang, ar, arc, as, ast, av, ay, az, ba, bar, bat_smg, be, bg, bh, bi, bm, bn, bo, bpy, br, bs, bug, bxr, ca, cbk_zam, cdo, ce, ceb, ch, cho, chr, chy, closed_zh_tw, co, cr, cs, csb, cu, cv, cy, da, de, diq, dv, dz, ee, el, eml, en, eo, es, et, eu, fa, ff, fi, fiu_vro, fj, fo, fr, frp, fur, fy, ga, gd, gl, glk, gn, got, gu, gv, ha, haw, he, hi, ho, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, hz, ia, id, ie, ig, ii, ik, ilo, io, is, it, iu, ja, jbo, jv, ka, kg, ki, kj, kk, kl, km, kn, ko, kr, ks, ksh, ku, kv, kw, ky, la, lad, lb, lbe, lg, li, lij, lmo, ln, lo, lt, lv, map_bms, mg, mh, mi, mk, ml, mn, mo, mr, ms, mt, mus, my, mzn, na, nah, nap, nds, nds_nl, ne, new, ng, nl, nn, no, nov, nrm, nv, ny, oc, om, or, os, pa, pag, pam, pap, pdc, pi, pih, pl, pms, ps, pt, qu, rm, rmy, rn, ro, roa_rup, roa_tara, ru, ru_sib, rw, sa, sc, scn, sco, sd, se, searchcom, sg, sh, si, simple, sk, sl, sm, sn, so, sq, sr, ss, st, su, sv, sw, ta, te, test, tet, tg, th, ti, tk, tl, tlh, tn, to, tokipona, tpi, tr, ts, tt, tum, tw, ty, udm, ug, uk, ur, uz, ve, vec, vi, vls, vo, wa, war, wo, wuu, xal, xh, yi, yo, za, zea, zh, zh_classical, zh_min_nan, zh_yue, zu.

STATIC WIKIPEDIA APRIL 2007 on wikipeda2006classicistranieri.com
aa, ab, af, ak, als, am, an, ang, ar, arc, as, ast, av, ay, az, ba, bar, bat_smg, be, bg, bh, bi, bm, bn, bo, bpy, br, bs, bug, bxr, ca, cbk_zam, cdo, ce, ceb, ch, cho, chr, chy, closed_zh_tw, co, cr, cs, csb, cu, cv, cy, da, de, diq, dv, dz, ee, el, eml, en, eo, es, et, eu, fa, ff, fi, fiu_vro, fj, fo, fr, frp, fur, fy, ga, gd, gl, glk, gn, got, gu, gv, ha, haw, he, hi, ho, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, hz, ia, id, ie, ig, ii, ik, ilo, io, is, it, iu, ja, jbo, jv, ka, kg, ki, kj, kk, kl, km, kn, ko, kr, ks, ksh, ku, kv, kw, ky, la, lad, lb, lbe, lg, li, lij, lmo, ln, lo, lt, lv, map_bms, mg, mh, mi, mk, ml, mn, mo, mr, ms, mt, mus, my, mzn, na, nah, nap, nds, nds_nl, ne, new, ng, nl, nn, no, nov, nrm, nv, ny, oc, om, or, os, pa, pag, pam, pap, pdc, pi, pih, pl, pms, ps, pt, qu, rm, rmy, rn, ro, roa_rup, roa_tara, ru, ru_sib, rw, sa, sc, scn, sco, sd, se, searchcom, sg, sh, si, simple, sk, sl, sm, sn, so, sq, sr, ss, st, su, sv, sw, ta, te, test, tet, tg, th, ti, tk, tl, tlh, tn, to, tokipona, tpi, tr, ts, tt, tum, tw, ty, udm, ug, uk, ur, uz, ve, vec, vi, vls, vo, wa, war, wo, wuu, xal, xh, yi, yo, za, zea, zh, zh_classical, zh_min_nan, zh_yue, zu.

STATIC WIKIPEDIA DECEMBER 2006 on wikipeda2006classicistranieri.com
aa, ab, af, ak, als, am, an, ang, ar, arc, as, ast, av, ay, az, ba, bar, bat_smg, be, bg, bh, bi, bm, bn, bo, bpy, br, bs, bug, bxr, ca, cbk_zam, cdo, ce, ceb, ch, cho, chr, chy, closed_zh_tw, co, cr, cs, csb, cu, cv, cy, da, de, diq, dv, dz, ee, el, eml, en, eo, es, et, eu, fa, ff, fi, fiu_vro, fj, fo, fr, frp, fur, fy, ga, gd, gl, glk, gn, got, gu, gv, ha, haw, he, hi, ho, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, hz, ia, id, ie, ig, ii, ik, ilo, io, is, it, iu, ja, jbo, jv, ka, kg, ki, kj, kk, kl, km, kn, ko, kr, ks, ksh, ku, kv, kw, ky, la, lad, lb, lbe, lg, li, lij, lmo, ln, lo, lt, lv, map_bms, mg, mh, mi, mk, ml, mn, mo, mr, ms, mt, mus, my, mzn, na, nah, nap, nds, nds_nl, ne, new, ng, nl, nn, no, nov, nrm, nv, ny, oc, om, or, os, pa, pag, pam, pap, pdc, pi, pih, pl, pms, ps, pt, qu, rm, rmy, rn, ro, roa_rup, roa_tara, ru, ru_sib, rw, sa, sc, scn, sco, sd, se, searchcom, sg, sh, si, simple, sk, sl, sm, sn, so, sq, sr, ss, st, su, sv, sw, ta, te, test, tet, tg, th, ti, tk, tl, tlh, tn, to, tokipona, tpi, tr, ts, tt, tum, tw, ty, udm, ug, uk, ur, uz, ve, vec, vi, vls, vo, wa, war, wo, wuu, xal, xh, yi, yo, za, zea, zh, zh_classical, zh_min_nan, zh_yue, zu.

STATIC WIKIPEDIA NOVEMBER 2006 on wikipeda2006classicistranieri.com
aa, ab, af, ak, als, am, an, ang, ar, arc, as, ast, av, ay, az, ba, bar, bat_smg, be, bg, bh, bi, bm, bn, bo, bpy, br, bs, bug, bxr, ca, cbk_zam, cdo, ce, ceb, ch, cho, chr, chy, closed_zh_tw, co, cr, cs, csb, cu, cv, cy, da, de, diq, dv, dz, ee, el, eml, en, eo, es, et, eu, fa, ff, fi, fiu_vro, fj, fo, fr, frp, fur, fy, ga, gd, gl, glk, gn, got, gu, gv, ha, haw, he, hi, ho, hr, hsb, ht, hu, hy, hz, ia, id, ie, ig, ii, ik, ilo, io, is, it, iu, ja, jbo, jv, ka, kg, ki, kj, kk, kl, km, kn, ko, kr, ks, ksh, ku, kv, kw, ky, la, lad, lb, lbe, lg, li, lij, lmo, ln, lo, lt, lv, map_bms, mg, mh, mi, mk, ml, mn, mo, mr, ms, mt, mus, my, mzn, na, nah, nap, nds, nds_nl, ne, new, ng, nl, nn, no, nov, nrm, nv, ny, oc, om, or, os, pa, pag, pam, pap, pdc, pi, pih, pl, pms, ps, pt, qu, rm, rmy, rn, ro, roa_rup, roa_tara, ru, ru_sib, rw, sa, sc, scn, sco, sd, se, searchcom, sg, sh, si, simple, sk, sl, sm, sn, so, sq, sr, ss, st, su, sv, sw, ta, te, test, tet, tg, th, ti, tk, tl, tlh, tn, to, tokipona, tpi, tr, ts, tt, tum, tw, ty, udm, ug, uk, ur, uz, ve, vec, vi, vls, vo, wa, war, wo, wuu, xal, xh, yi, yo, za, zea, zh, zh_classical, zh_min_nan, zh_yue, zu.